Nokea
How many chains of lymph nodes should be assessed during a clinical examination?
- A. Five chains
- B. Seven chains
- C. Nine chains
- D. Eleven chains
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Seven chains of lymph nodes are typically assessed during a clinical examination, including cervical, axillary, and inguinal regions.
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A 78-year-old male was recently diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. He scored 23/30 on his Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and his clinical presentation is consistent with mild disease. Which of the following is NOT a common side effect of donepezil?
- A. Thrombocytopenia
- B. Bradycardia
- C. Vivid dreams
- D. Gastrointestinal distress
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Thrombocytopenia is not a common side effect of donepezil, while bradycardia, vivid dreams, and gastrointestinal distress are.
Chronic bloody diarrhea could be suggestive of:
- A. Irritable bowel syndrome
- B. Crohn’s disease
- C. Hepatitis A
- D. Celiac disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic bloody diarrhea is common in inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn’s disease.
Which one of the following is most true about aging changes?
- A. Stage 3 and 4 sleep decreases.
- B. Renal perfusion is not reduced, but renal function is reduced.
- C. Hearing acuity declines beginning in middle age.
- D. Prostatic enlargement occurs only in a minority of men.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aging leads to a decrease in the deeper stages of sleep (Stage 3 and 4).
What is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis?
- A. Epinephrine
- B. Antihistamines
- C. Intravenous fluids
- D. Corticosteroids
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis, as it rapidly reverses the effects of severe allergic reactions.
George Hall is a 91-year-old man. If the physician agrees with his daughter and does not inform George of bad news, which ethical principle might this violate?
- A. Paternalism
- B. Autonomy
- C. Authenticity
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Autonomy is violated when the patient is not informed about his medical condition.