Nokea
Identify the best statement about gerontological nursing.
- A. Nurses have only recently become involved in the care of older adults.
- B. Gerontological care was the second specialty in which the American Nurses Association (ANA) offered a certification program.
- C. Purposes of gerontological nursing include the promotion of health and support for maximal independence.
- D. ANA certification is available only for gerontological nurses in research positions.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because gerontological nursing focuses on promoting health and maximizing independence in older adults. This statement aligns with the core principles of gerontological nursing, which emphasize holistic care and quality of life for elderly individuals. Choice A is incorrect because nurses have been involved in caring for older adults for a long time. Choice B is incorrect because gerontological care was not the second specialty certified by the ANA. Choice D is incorrect because ANA certification is not limited only to research positions in gerontological nursing.
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An older adult reports increasing loss of balance. Which teaching should the nurse implement?
- A. Exercise with light weights.
- B. Stand on one foot at a time while supported.
- C. Train with the use of sit-ups.
- D. Work out in a swimming pool.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Stand on one foot at a time while supported. This exercise helps improve balance by challenging the proprioceptive system. By standing on one foot while supported, the older adult can gradually strengthen their muscles and improve their balance. Other choices like exercising with light weights may not specifically target balance, training with sit-ups focuses more on core strength, and working out in a swimming pool may provide buoyancy but may not directly address the balance concern.
Which of the following factors contributes the most to aging-related cognitive decline?
- A. Chronic stress
- B. Poor nutrition
- C. Social isolation
- D. Lack of physical exercise
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Lack of physical exercise contributes the most to aging-related cognitive decline. Regular physical exercise increases blood flow to the brain, promotes neurogenesis, and enhances cognitive function. It also reduces the risk of developing conditions such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Chronic stress (A) can impact cognitive function, but it is not the primary factor in aging-related decline. Poor nutrition (B) can negatively affect brain health, but exercise has a more significant impact. Social isolation (C) is also detrimental to cognitive health, but physical exercise has been shown to have a more substantial influence on cognitive decline in aging individuals.
In managing older adults with multiple chronic conditions, which factor has the most significant impact on reducing hospital readmissions?
- A. Minimizing polypharmacy
- B. Frequent medication adjustments
- C. Home health care support
- D. Specialized geriatric assessments
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Home health care support. This is because having access to home health care support can provide ongoing monitoring, medication management, and assistance with activities of daily living, which can help prevent complications and reduce the need for hospital readmissions.
Minimizing polypharmacy (A) is important but may not have as significant an impact as continuous home health care support. Frequent medication adjustments (B) may lead to confusion and potential adverse effects in older adults. Specialized geriatric assessments (D) are beneficial but may not directly address the day-to-day support needed to prevent hospital readmissions.
What is the most common cause of delirium in hospitalized older adults?
- A. Medication side effects
- B. Sleep deprivation
- C. Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
- D. Electrolyte imbalances
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Urinary tract infections (UTIs). UTIs are a common cause of delirium in hospitalized older adults due to their impact on the central nervous system. UTIs can lead to systemic inflammation and affect cognitive function, resulting in delirium. Other choices like medication side effects, sleep deprivation, and electrolyte imbalances can contribute to delirium but are not as common or direct as UTIs in this population.
Which of the following is true about the Nurse Competence in Aging (NCA) initiative?
- A. It was developed to support the professional development and leadership growth of nurses who provide care to older adults in long-term care.
- B. It developed resources for nurses to access evidence-based information on topics related to the care of older adults.
- C. It provides predoctoral and postdoctoral scholarships for study and research in geriatric nursing.
- D. It developed the first certification in gerontological nursing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the Nurse Competence in Aging (NCA) initiative focuses on developing resources for nurses to access evidence-based information on topics related to the care of older adults. This is evident in the initiative's goal to enhance the knowledge and skills of nurses caring for older adults. The other choices are incorrect because A is not specific to the NCA initiative, C pertains to scholarships rather than resources for accessing information, and D is incorrect as the NCA initiative did not develop the first certification in gerontological nursing.