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If a woman's white blood cell count was 20,000 after delivery and increased to 40,000 by the second day, this likely indicates
- A. normal postpartal elevation
- B. acute infection
- C. chronic infection
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Leukocytosis is a normal physiological response to childbirth and resolves gradually.
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The sign most concerning for congenital heart disease in the newborn infant is
- A. fever
- B. central cyanosis
- C. acrocyanosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Central cyanosis indicates poor oxygenation and may suggest underlying cardiac issues.
Following spontaneous rupture of the membranes during labor, if the fetal heart rate becomes markedly bradycardic with variable decelerations, this likely indicates
- A. cord prolapse
- B. placenta previa
- C. fetal head compression
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Variable decelerations with bradycardia suggest cord compression, possibly due to prolapse.
Which statement regarding primary dysmenorrhea is most accurate?
- A. Primary dysmenorrhea is experienced by all women.
- B. It is unaffected by oral contraceptives.
- C. It occurs in young multiparous women.
- D. It may be caused by excessive endometrial prostaglandin.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because primary dysmenorrhea is often caused by excessive endometrial prostaglandin production, leading to increased uterine contractions and pain. This is supported by research and clinical evidence.
A: Incorrect. Not all women experience primary dysmenorrhea; it varies in prevalence.
B: Incorrect. Oral contraceptives can help manage dysmenorrhea by reducing prostaglandin production.
C: Incorrect. Primary dysmenorrhea is more common in nulliparous women, not multiparous women.
In summary, D is correct due to the established link between excessive prostaglandin and primary dysmenorrhea, while the other choices are inaccurate based on current knowledge and research.
The region between the vaginal orifice and the anus is called the:
- A. Mons pubic
- B. Labia majora
- C. Labia minora
- D. Perineum
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The perineum is the region between the vaginal orifice and the anus.
If shoulder dystocia occurred during delivery, the newborn should be examined for
- A. fractured clavicle and Erb's palsy
- B. skull fracture and cerebral palsy
- C. spinal cord injury and paralysis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Shoulder dystocia can result in brachial plexus injuries and clavicular fractures.