Nokea
The vaccination that should be routinely administered to all newborns within 24 hours of birth is
- A. hepatitis A.
- B. hepatitis B.
- C. rotavirus.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hepatitis B vaccine is recommended shortly after birth to prevent infection.
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The breastfeeding position that is good to relieve plugged milk ducts and engorged breasts is
- A. cradle hold
- B. football hold
- C. side-lying hold
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The football hold allows better access and drainage of blocked ducts.
While performing a self-breast exam, the patient notes an area on the right breast that is nodular, with some associated tenderness. This is a new onset finding because the exams were
- A. The patient calls to report her findings to the clinical nurse because this is not her typical result. What action should the nurse perform next?
- B. Refer the patient to an oncologist because the results are suspicious.
- C. Ask the patient to come in for an office visit so that the findings can be validated but tell her that this information is within the normal range of presentation.
- D. Have the patient wear a tight-fitting bra and tell her that the tenderness is associated with ovulation and will pass.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a new nodular area with tenderness in the breast is concerning for a potential breast abnormality or pathology. The nurse should advise the patient to report these findings promptly to a healthcare provider for further evaluation, which may include a clinical breast exam, imaging studies, and possibly a biopsy if warranted.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because B jumps to a conclusion without proper assessment or evaluation, C downplays the significance of the findings without proper validation, and D provides inaccurate information about the association of tenderness with ovulation, which is not relevant in this context.
Shortly before menstruation:
- A. Blood levels of estrogen and progesterone decrease
- B. Blood levels of estrogen and progesterone increase
- C. Blood levels of FSH stabilize
- D. The corpus luteum secretes progesterone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Before menstruation, blood levels of estrogen and progesterone decrease, leading to the shedding of the endometrium.
It is not uncommon for at least some fibers of the levator ani to become stretched or damaged in women who have experienced vaginal delivery of a full-term infant. What are the possible results of this damage?
- A. Urinary or fecal incontinence, dysmenorrhea, or salpingitis
- B. Prolapse of the uterus into the vagina, rectal prolapse through the anus, or hydrosalpinx
- C. Prolapse of the uterus into the vagina, rectal prolapse through the anus, or salpingitis
- D. Urinary or fecal incontinence, prolapse of the uterus into the vagina, or rectal prolapse through the anus
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Damage to the levator ani can result in urinary or fecal incontinence, prolapse of the uterus, or rectal prolapse.
During the "claiming" part of parent-neonate attachment, the parent usually first compares the child to other family members by noticing how the neonate is
- A. similar
- B. unique
- C. different
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Noticing similarities fosters connection and identification with the newborn.