Nokea
What does treatment for a Bartholin’s cyst include?
- A. topical antibiotics
- B. warm compress
- C. cold packs
- D. topical steroids
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: warm compress. Warm compress helps to promote drainage and relieve pain in Bartholin's cyst. It helps to soften the cyst and facilitate its resolution. Topical antibiotics (choice A) are not typically effective as the cyst is a closed sac. Cold packs (choice C) may worsen symptoms by constricting blood vessels. Topical steroids (choice D) are not indicated for Bartholin's cyst treatment as they do not address the underlying cause.
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In a patient with preeclampsia, the development of eclampsia is characterized by
- A. elevated liver enzymes
- B. hypertension
- C. seizures
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Seizures define the transition from preeclampsia to eclampsia, necessitating urgent management.
The region between the vaginal orifice and the anus is called the:
- A. Mons pubic
- B. Labia majora
- C. Labia minora
- D. Perineum
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The perineum is the region between the vaginal orifice and the anus.
The phenotypic sex is determined by:
- A. At fertilization by the male gamete
- B. At fertilization by the female gamete
- C. Around 6-10 weeks of gestation by the SRY gene
- D. By the activity of the androgen hormones on the indifferent genitalia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice D is correct:
1. During early development, all embryos possess indifferent genitalia.
2. Androgen hormones, like testosterone, influence the differentiation of these structures.
3. The presence of androgen hormones leads to the development of male genitalia.
4. Lack of androgen results in the development of female genitalia.
5. This process occurs after fertilization, not during fertilization.
In summary, choice D is correct as the phenotypic sex is determined by the activity of androgen hormones on the indifferent genitalia post-fertilization.
Choices A and B are incorrect because sex determination occurs post-fertilization, not during fertilization.
Choice C is incorrect as the SRY gene typically plays a role in sex determination but is not the primary factor influencing the phenotypic sex.
What lifestyle change would the nurse recommend for a patient who presents with multiple symptoms of perimenopause?
- A. Switch to flannel sheets and use extra blankets to stay warm at night.
- B. Avoid sexual intercourse until vaginal dryness passes.
- C. Have a glass of wine each night before bed to reduce insomnia.
- D. Begin a regular exercise routine.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because regular exercise can help alleviate symptoms of perimenopause such as hot flashes, mood swings, and weight gain. Exercise can also improve sleep quality and overall well-being. Switching to flannel sheets (A) and using extra blankets are not addressing the root cause of the symptoms. Avoiding sexual intercourse (B) is not necessary and may not address the symptoms effectively. Drinking wine (C) can disrupt sleep patterns and may not provide long-term relief for perimenopausal symptoms.
If, on the first post-partum day, the woman's fundus is firm and lochia appears normal but the woman complains of perineal discomfort and BP falls to 88/50 and pulse increases to 2, the nurse should suspect a(n)
- A. uterine hemorrhage
- B. vaginal laceration
- C. hematoma
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hematoma formation can cause localized pain and systemic signs of shock.