Nokea
If the male labelled X is later mated to a black female, what ratio of coat colour would be expected in the offspring?
- A. all black
- B. all brown
- C. 3:1 brown: black
- D. 1:1 brown: black
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The male labeled X must carry both brown and black coat color genes as it is brown. When mated with a black female, the male will pass on either a brown or black gene to the offspring. This results in a 1:1 ratio of brown to black coat color in the offspring. All black (A) and all brown (B) are incorrect as the male carries both genes. The 3:1 ratio (C) is not applicable here as the male can pass on either brown or black gene equally.
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Which of the following could antagonize renal vasodilation induced by dopamine:
- A. Propranolol
- B. Atropine
- C. Prazosin
- D. Haloperidol
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Haloperidol. Haloperidol is a dopamine receptor antagonist, which means it blocks dopamine receptors. Dopamine induces renal vasodilation by acting on dopamine receptors in the kidneys. Therefore, blocking these receptors with haloperidol would antagonize the renal vasodilation effect of dopamine.
A: Propranolol is a beta-blocker that acts on beta receptors, not dopamine receptors.
B: Atropine is a muscarinic antagonist and does not affect dopamine receptors.
C: Prazosin is an alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist and does not target dopamine receptors.
A clinic nurse wants to evaluate the effectiveness of her health teaching about diet and insulin administration. Which of the following observations during the patient's next clinic visit would indicate that the patient had learned what she had been taught?
- A. A weight gain of 6 lb
- B. An elevated blood glucose
- C. Urine test negative for sugar and acetone
- D. Beginning hypertrophy at an injection site
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A negative urine test for sugar and acetone would show that the patient has learned proper insulin administration and diet management.
Identify a gland that is controlled by an anterior pituitary hormone.
- A. pancreas
- B. parathyroid
- C. adrenal medulla
- D. ovary
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: ovary. The anterior pituitary gland secretes follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) that regulate the function of the ovaries. FSH stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles, while LH triggers ovulation and stimulates the production of progesterone and estrogen. The pancreas (A) is mainly controlled by insulin and glucagon from the pancreas itself. The parathyroid gland (B) is regulated by parathyroid hormone (PTH) secreted by the parathyroid glands. The adrenal medulla (C) is controlled by the sympathetic nervous system, not by anterior pituitary hormones.
Resistin, an insulin antagonist, is a hormone produced by the __________.
- A. adipose tissue
- B. heart
- C. liver
- D. hypothalamus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: adipose tissue. Resistin is primarily produced by adipose tissue and is known to antagonize the action of insulin, leading to insulin resistance. Adipose tissue is a major source of various hormones, including resistin.
Option B: heart, and Option C: liver, are not the correct answers because resistin is not known to be produced by these organs.
Option D: hypothalamus, is also not the correct answer as resistin is not produced by the hypothalamus.
In summary, the correct answer is A because resistin is primarily produced by adipose tissue, which plays a significant role in insulin resistance.
Which colour change is observed when water is added to anhydrous cobalt(II) chloride?
- A. blue to white
- B. blue to pink
- C. white to blue
- D. pink to blue
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: blue to pink. Anhydrous cobalt(II) chloride is blue, and when water is added, it forms a pink hexahydrate complex. This color change occurs because water molecules replace the chloride ions in the crystal lattice, resulting in the formation of the pink complex. Choice A (blue to white) is incorrect because the addition of water does not change the color to white. Choice C (white to blue) is incorrect as anhydrous cobalt(II) chloride is blue to begin with. Choice D (pink to blue) is incorrect as the addition of water causes the color change from blue to pink, not the other way around.