Nokea
What is the half-life of the isotope?
- A. 80s
- B. 100s
- C. 200s
- D. 2400s
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A (80s) because the half-life of an isotope is the time taken for half of the radioactive nuclei to decay. In this case, it takes 80 seconds for half of the nuclei to decay. The other choices (B, C, D) are incorrect as they do not represent the correct time interval required for half of the nuclei to decay.
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Resistin, an insulin antagonist, is a hormone produced by the __________.
- A. adipose tissue
- B. heart
- C. liver
- D. hypothalamus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: adipose tissue. Resistin is primarily produced by adipose tissue and is known to antagonize the action of insulin, leading to insulin resistance. Adipose tissue is a major source of various hormones, including resistin.
Option B: heart, and Option C: liver, are not the correct answers because resistin is not known to be produced by these organs.
Option D: hypothalamus, is also not the correct answer as resistin is not produced by the hypothalamus.
In summary, the correct answer is A because resistin is primarily produced by adipose tissue, which plays a significant role in insulin resistance.
A nurse collaborates with assistive personnel (AP) to provide care for a client who is prescribed a 24-hour urine specimen collection. Which statement would the nurse include when teaching the AP about this activity?
- A. Note the time of the client’s first void and collect urine for 24 hours.
- B. Add the preservative to the container at the end of the test.
- C. Start the collection by saving the first urine of the morning.
- D. It is okay if one urine sample during the 24 hours is not collected.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Note the time of the client's first void and collect urine for 24 hours. This is correct because for a 24-hour urine specimen collection, it is essential to start by noting the exact time of the first void and then collect all subsequent urine voided over the next 24 hours, including the final void at the same time the collection started. This ensures accurate measurement of substances in the urine over a full 24-hour period.
Choice B is incorrect because the preservative should be added to the container at the beginning, not the end, to maintain the integrity of the specimen. Choice C is incorrect because the 24-hour collection starts with the first void, not the first morning urine. Choice D is incorrect as missing even one urine sample during the 24-hour collection can compromise the accuracy of the results.
Which colour change is observed when water is added to anhydrous cobalt(II) chloride?
- A. blue to white
- B. blue to pink
- C. white to blue
- D. pink to blue
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: blue to pink. Anhydrous cobalt(II) chloride is blue, and when water is added, it forms a pink hexahydrate complex. This color change occurs because water molecules replace the chloride ions in the crystal lattice, resulting in the formation of the pink complex. Choice A (blue to white) is incorrect because the addition of water does not change the color to white. Choice C (white to blue) is incorrect as anhydrous cobalt(II) chloride is blue to begin with. Choice D (pink to blue) is incorrect as the addition of water causes the color change from blue to pink, not the other way around.
A floor nurse pages you about a patient who is having chest pain. You order an electrocardiogram and rush to see the patient. He describes the pain as tight pressure and is demonstrably sweating and gasping for air. The ECG comes back with acute ST-segment elevations in inferior leads, and you diagnose a myocardial infarction. You start giving the patient oxygen and give him sublingual nitroglycerin and morphine for pain. You also give him another medication, which you have read may prolong his survival in this situation. What class of medication is it?
- A. β-Blocker
- B. α-Agonist
- C. Muscarinic agonist
- D. Neuromuscular blocker
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: β-Blocker. β-Blockers are indicated in the management of myocardial infarction as they help reduce myocardial oxygen demand by decreasing heart rate, blood pressure, and contractility. This results in less strain on the heart muscle and can improve survival outcomes. Additionally, β-blockers can prevent arrhythmias and reduce the risk of recurrent infarction. In this scenario, where the patient is experiencing an acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevations, the use of a β-blocker is crucial in managing the condition and improving the patient's prognosis.
Summary of other choices:
B: α-Agonist - Not indicated in the management of myocardial infarction.
C: Muscarinic agonist - Not indicated in the management of myocardial infarction.
D: Neuromuscular blocker - Not indicated in the management of myocardial infarction.
All of the following are hormones of the anterior pituitary except:
- A. Growth hormone
- B. Follicle stimulating hormone
- C. Parthormone
- D. Thyroid stimulating hormone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Parthormone. The anterior pituitary gland secretes hormones such as Growth hormone, Follicle stimulating hormone, and Thyroid stimulating hormone, but not Parthormone. Parthormone is actually produced by the parathyroid glands, not the anterior pituitary gland. Parathormone plays a key role in regulating calcium levels in the blood. Therefore, choice C is incorrect as it does not belong to the hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary gland.