Nokea
If the patient's blood pH is 7.47, the patient is in
- A. Alkalosis.
- B. Acidosis.
- C. Hypovolemic shock.
- D. Tetany.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A blood pH of 7.47 is above the normal range (7.35-7.45), indicating alkalosis.
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Ionized calcium is needed for which of the following body functions?
- A. Delivery of glucose into the cells
- B. Transmission of electrical impulses along nerve pathways
- C. Normal oxygen saturation
- D. Normal bowel function
- E. Muscle contraction and relaxation
Correct Answer: B,E
Rationale: Ionized calcium is essential for nerve impulse transmission and muscle contraction/relaxation.
Which of the following accurately describes the effects that ADH has in the body?
- A. It signals the kidneys to increase diuresis, pulling more water from the body to be excreted as urine.
- B. It suppresses urine production, thereby increasing the concentration of the urine.
- C. It directs the kidneys to increase water reabsorption.
- D. It regulates the body's water level independently of solutes.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing urine output and concentrating the urine.
The Institute of Medicine recommends that an average adult needs????.milligrams of potassium per day for optimal health.
- A. 3500
- B. 4000
- C. 3700
- D. 2800
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Institute of Medicine recommends approximately 3500 mg of potassium daily for adults to support optimal health.
The blood's bicarbonate level is controlled by which system(s)?
- A. Respiratory system
- B. Renal system
- C. Buffer system
- D. Respiratory, renal, and buffer systems
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bicarbonate levels are regulated by the respiratory system (CO2 exhalation), renal system (bicarbonate reabsorption/excretion), and buffer systems (chemical buffering).
The average adult needs to drink how much water each day?
- A. 0.5 L
- B. 1 L
- C. 1.5 to 2 L
- D. 2 to 3 L
- E. 3 to 4 L
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The average adult requires 2 to 3 liters of water daily to maintain proper hydration, depending on activity level and environmental factors.