Multiple Choice Questions on Gastrointestinal Disorders

Multiple Choice Questions on Gastrointestinal Disorders Related

Review Multiple Choice Questions on Gastrointestinal Disorders related questions and content

It is correct to say that:

  • A. HCL converts pepsin into pepsinogen.
  • B. IF is essential for vitamin K absorption.
  • C. Saliva contains alpha amylase.
  • D. Myenteric plexus controls GIT secretion.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Saliva contains alpha amylase. Saliva does indeed contain the enzyme alpha amylase, which helps in the breakdown of carbohydrates in the mouth. This is a well-established fact in human physiology.

Explanation for why other choices are incorrect:
A: HCL converts pepsin into pepsinogen - This statement is incorrect as pepsinogen is converted into pepsin by the acidic environment in the stomach, not the other way around.
B: IF is essential for vitamin K absorption - This is also incorrect. Intrinsic factor (IF) is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12, not vitamin K.
D: Myenteric plexus controls GIT secretion - While the myenteric plexus is involved in regulating gastrointestinal motility, it is not primarily responsible for controlling secretion in the gastrointestinal tract.

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A client underwent an exploratory laparotomy 2 days ago. The physician should be called immediately for which physical assessment finding?

  • A. Abdominal distention and rigidity
  • B. NG tube intentionally displaced by client
  • C. Absent or hypoactive bowel sounds
  • D. Nausea and occasional vomiting
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Abdominal rigidity and distention suggest peritonitis or internal bleeding, both of which require urgent medical intervention.

Where are most fat-digesting enzymes produced?

  • A. small intestine
  • B. gallbladder
  • C. liver
  • D. pancreas
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: pancreas. The pancreas produces most fat-digesting enzymes, such as lipase, which help break down fats in the small intestine. The liver produces bile, stored in the gallbladder, which aids in fat digestion but doesn't directly produce fat-digesting enzymes. The small intestine primarily absorbs nutrients rather than producing fat-digesting enzymes. Therefore, the pancreas is the main source of fat-digesting enzymes in the digestive system.

A large number of children at a public school have developed profuse diarrhea and bloody stools. The school nurse suspects food poisoning related to food from the school cafeteria and requests analysis and culture of which food?

  • A. Chicken
  • B. Ground beef
  • C. Commercially canned fish
  • D. Salads with mayonnaise dressing
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Ground beef is commonly associated with foodborne illnesses caused by E. coli, which can result in bloody diarrhea.

During muscle contraction, local metabolites act to vasodilate arterioles supplying the working muscle(s). Which of the following would NOT contribute to a local vasodilation?

  • A. an increase in carbon dioxide
  • B. an increase in hydrogen ions
  • C. an increase in oxygen
  • D. none of the above contribute to vasodilation
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because an increase in oxygen does not contribute to local vasodilation during muscle contraction. Oxygen is typically consumed by working muscles and does not act as a vasodilator. On the other hand, increases in carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions lead to vasodilation by stimulating the release of vasodilatory substances. Choice D is incorrect because oxygen, in this context, does not contribute to vasodilation like carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions do.

Which of the following cells produce hydrochloric acid?

  • A. parietal cells
  • B. enteroendocrine cells
  • C. mucous neck cells
  • D. chief cells
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: parietal cells. Parietal cells are located in the gastric glands of the stomach and are responsible for producing hydrochloric acid to help with digestion. They also secrete intrinsic factor, which is essential for vitamin B12 absorption. Enteroendocrine cells (B) produce hormones, mucous neck cells (C) secrete mucus to protect the stomach lining, and chief cells (D) produce pepsinogen for protein digestion, but they do not produce hydrochloric acid. Therefore, parietal cells are the only cells among the choices that specifically produce hydrochloric acid.

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