Nokea
It is hospital policy to assess and record a patient's heart rate before administering digoxin (Lanoxin). By auditing the nursing records to determine the frequency of compliance with this policy, the quality assessment and improvement committee is conducting
- A. a process analysis.
- B. a quality analysis.
- C. a system analysis.
- D. an outcome analysis.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Process analysis focuses on evaluating adherence to specific procedures.
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Which patient is at greatest risk for pancreatic cancer?
- A. An elderly black male with a history of smoking and alcohol use.
- B. A young,white obese female with no known health issues.
- C. A young black male with juvenile onset diabetes.
- D. An elderly white female with a history of pancreatitis.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Smoking and alcohol use are major risk factors for pancreatic cancer, making the elderly black male with these habits at highest risk.
When assessing a client with anxiety disorder, what does the nurse observe for evidence of various levels of anxiety?
- A. Absence of crying
- B. Talking excessively
- C. Being motionless
- D. Not complaining
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Excessive talking may indicate heightened anxiety as the client attempts to distract themselves from their worries.
A client with end-stage heart failure who is awaiting a transplant appears depressed and states, 'I know a transplant is my last chance, but I don't want to become a vegetable.' How should the nurse respond?
- A. Would you like information about advance directives?
- B. I will arrange for a psychiatrist to speak with you.
- C. Do you want to come off the transplant list?
- D. Would you like to speak with a priest or chaplain?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Would you like information about advance directives? This is the appropriate response as it addresses the client's concerns about becoming a vegetable and explores their wishes for end-of-life care. Advance directives can help the client make decisions about their care in case they are unable to communicate in the future. The other choices are incorrect because B assumes the client needs psychiatric evaluation, C suggests removing them from the transplant list without exploring their concerns further, and D focuses on spiritual support rather than addressing the client's specific worries about their quality of life post-transplant.
A student learns about modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease. Which factors does this include? (Select one that does not apply)
- A. Age
- B. Hypertension
- C. Obesity
- D. Smoking
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Age. Age is a non-modifiable risk factor for coronary artery disease, meaning it cannot be changed or controlled. Hypertension, obesity, and smoking are modifiable risk factors as they can be managed through lifestyle changes or medical interventions. By controlling blood pressure, maintaining a healthy weight, and quitting smoking, individuals can reduce their risk of developing coronary artery disease. Age, however, is a natural process that cannot be altered. Therefore, focusing on managing modifiable risk factors is crucial in preventing coronary artery disease.
A 72-year-old male client had the Foley catheter removed today, which was inserted during the transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). The client is concerned about the urinary incontinence he has experienced since removal of the Foley catheter. The nurse should explain to the client that:
- A. he should not be concerned, because it will be quickly resolved.
- B. urinary incontinence is usually temporary.
- C. he should notify the nurse when this happens.
- D. this is related to the bladder spasms and will soon stop.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Urinary incontinence is usually temporary, but the problem may take some time to resolve, especially in an older male. Bladder spasms are not the cause of the client's incontinence.