Nokea
Larry is taking allopurinol to prevent gout. Monitoring of a patient who is taking allopurinol includes:
- A. Complete blood count
- B. Blood glucose
- C. C-reactive protein
- D. BUN, creatinine, and creatinine clearance
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Allopurinol requires renal function monitoring (BUN, creatinine) due to toxicity risk; CBC is less routine.
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Herbs and supplements are regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Herbs and supplements are not regulated as drugs by the FDA; they fall under dietary supplement rules.
Patients with pheochromocytoma should avoid which of the following classes of drugs because of the possibility of developing hypertensive crisis?
- A. Expectorants
- B. Beta-2-agonists
- C. Antitussives
- D. Antihistamines
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beta-2-agonists can stimulate catecholamine release in pheochromocytoma, risking hypertensive crisis; other classes are safer.
Drugs which increase GABA levels in brain
- A. Diazepam
- B. Phenobarbitone
- C. Sodium valproate
- D. Carbamazepine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sodium valproate increases GABA levels.
The choice of diuretic to use in treating hypertension is based on:
- A. Presence of diabetes with loop diuretics being used for these patients
- B. Level of kidney function with a thiazide diuretic being used for an estimated glomerular filtration rate higher than the mid-40 mL/min range
- C. Ethnicity with aldosterone antagonists best for African Americans and older adults
- D. Presence of hyperlipidemia with higher doses needed for patients with LDL above 130 mg/dL
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thiazides are effective with GFR >40-50 mL/min; loops are used for lower GFR.
Which of the following is the mechanism of action of iodides:
- A. Inhibits organification of iodine
- B. By inhibiting \mathrm{Na}+/ \mathrm{l} - simporter reduce iodine transport in thyroid gland
- C. Inhibits production of trioodthyronine form tetraiodthyronine on periphery
- D. Stimulates peroxidase
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Iodides inhibit iodine organification, reducing thyroid hormone synthesis in high doses.