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Match the stage, according to Erikson, to the appropriate age range. Identity vs. role confusion
- A. Birth to 18 months
- B. 18 months to 3 years
- C. 3 years to 5 years
- D. 5 years to 12 years
- E. 12 years to 18 years
- F. 18 years to 40 years
- G. 40 years to 65 years
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: Erikson's identity vs. role confusion stage occurs from 12 to 18 years, focusing on developing a personal identity.
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Match Kohlberg's stages of moral development with their descriptions. Seeking strong interpersonal relationships.
- A. Young adolescent focuses on being good and helping others, not just to follow the rules but to feel good about motives.
- B. Adult's behavior is motivated by the desire to follow internal values and moral principles.
- C. Child equates doing right equates with doing no wrong punishment with and doing punishment wrong with, punishment
- D. Young adolescent follows laws for the for greater the good and because respect of respect for authority for laws,
- E. Adult has concern for human rights human and rights dignity; desires impartial interpretation of justice, justice
- F. Child focuses on what is fair rather than what might be best for the larger group on what is fair,
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In Kohlberg's conventional level, seeking strong interpersonal relationships (stage 3) involves acting to gain approval and feel good about motives.
Match the following physiological changes that occur in middle age to the clinical manifestation. Decreased production of estrogen.
- A. High blood pressure.
- B. Menopause.
- C. Constipation.
- D. Skin wrinkling.
- E. Decreased sperm production.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Decreased estrogen production in middle age triggers menopause in females, characterized by the cessation of menstrual cycles.
Choose the correct answer(s). In some questions, more than one answer is correct. Select all that apply. You are the school nurse in a large high school. A female student comes to you and asks you about the signs and symptoms of various sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Which of the following is the best response?
- A. Let the teenager know you are shocked that she needs to ask these questions.
- B. Refer her to different brochures and resources about STDs.
- C. Answer her questions and ask her if she is concerned that she may have an STD.
- D. Ask her what symptoms she is having and reassure that they are probably not signs of an STD. This will gain her trust.
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Providing accurate information and assessing concerns respects the teen's autonomy (Erikson's identity vs. role confusion stage) and promotes health education.
Match the following physiological changes that occur in middle age to the clinical manifestation. Decreased production of testosterone.
- A. High blood pressure.
- B. Menopause.
- C. Constipation.
- D. Skin wrinkling.
- E. Decreased sperm production.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Decreased testosterone production in middle age leads to decreased sperm production in males."
Match the following physiological changes that occur in middle age to the clinical manifestation. Loss of subcutaneous tissue.
- A. High blood pressure.
- B. Menopause.
- C. Constipation.
- D. Skin wrinkling.
- E. Decreased sperm production.
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: Loss of subcutaneous tissue in middle age causes skin wrinkling due to reduced skin elasticity.