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Medicaid, which is financed by what part of the government, is jointly funded by which two entities?
- A. State
- B. Federal
- C. County
- D. State and federal
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: State and federal. Medicaid is jointly funded by both state and federal governments. States administer the program but receive matching funds from the federal government. This dual funding structure allows for flexibility in program design and implementation while ensuring a baseline level of coverage across states. County funding (choice C) is not a primary source of Medicaid financing. While both state (choice A) and federal (choice B) governments contribute to funding Medicaid, the correct answer is D because it specifies the two entities that jointly fund the program.
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Which action demonstrates a coparticipative manner in the nursing model of care?
- A. Working with the patient and family to achieve the best outcome.
- B. Encouraging the shy student to participate in class discussions, demonstrating transpersonal caring.
- C. Finding a way for a patient to see a dog, understanding the patient's needs.
- D. Accepting individuals for who they are, maintaining a nonjudgmental attitude.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it involves collaboration and shared decision-making between the nurse, patient, and family to achieve the best outcome. This aligns with the coparticipative approach in nursing care, where all parties work together towards a common goal. Choice B focuses on individual encouragement, not coparticipation. Choice C highlights empathy but lacks the collaboration aspect. Choice D emphasizes acceptance but doesn't explicitly involve active participation and collaboration as in choice A. Thus, choice A best exemplifies coparticipative nursing care.
What is a crucial issue a healthcare worker in the late industrialization era would need to address to promote health?
- A. Reducing the spread of infection
- B. Promoting physical activity
- C. Educating on medication administration
- D. Promoting child safety in transportation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Reducing the spread of infection. In the late industrialization era, poor sanitation and overcrowding led to rampant infectious diseases. Healthcare workers needed to focus on infection control measures to prevent the spread of diseases. This includes promoting hand hygiene, proper waste disposal, and sanitation practices. By addressing the spread of infection, healthcare workers could significantly improve public health outcomes.
Incorrect choices:
B: Promoting physical activity - While physical activity is important for overall health, in the late industrialization era, infectious diseases were more pressing issues.
C: Educating on medication administration - Although important, medication administration was not a primary concern in an era where infectious diseases were rampant.
D: Promoting child safety in transportation - This issue is important for child safety but was not as crucial as addressing the spread of infectious diseases in the late industrialization era.
What term is used to identify a situation where a specific target and method of attack are identified by a reliable source, such as a bomb in the possession of a known terrorist group targeting a government building in a local community?
- A. Credible threat
- B. Biological event
- C. National disaster
- D. All-hazards approach
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Credible threat. A credible threat refers to a specific target and method of attack identified by a reliable source. In this scenario, the bomb in the possession of a known terrorist group targeting a government building fits the definition of a credible threat.
Choice B: Biological event is incorrect because it does not align with the given scenario of a known terrorist group targeting a government building with a bomb.
Choice C: National disaster is incorrect as it does not accurately describe the specific situation of a targeted attack by a terrorist group.
Choice D: All-hazards approach is incorrect because it is a comprehensive strategy for addressing various types of emergencies, not specifically focused on a credible threat like the one described in the question.
Which action directly resulted from the contribution made by Linda Richards?
- A. Using an antiseptic before administering an injection
- B. Exploring the psychosocial needs of the patient
- C. Documenting patient care in the medical record
- D. Listening to a patient describe his or her symptoms
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because Linda Richards was the first professionally trained nurse in the United States and she established the practice of documenting patient care in medical records. This action is directly linked to her contribution as it improved the organization and continuity of patient care. Exploring psychosocial needs (B) and listening to patient symptoms (D) are important nursing practices, but they were not specifically attributed to Linda Richards. Using antiseptic before injections (A) is important for infection control, but it was not directly related to Linda Richards' contribution.
A group of local volunteers has completed an emergency response course and is able to assist with the triage of injured citizens. They also participate in local health fairs to teach residents how to react during tornadoes. The responders are members of what organization?
- A. Metropolitan Medical Response System (MMRS)
- B. Medical Reserve Corps (MRC)
- C. National Disaster Medical System (NDMS)
- D. Commissioned Corps Readiness Force (CCRF)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Medical Reserve Corps (MRC). The MRC is a community-based organization that consists of local volunteers trained to assist during emergencies. In this scenario, the volunteers completed an emergency response course and are involved in community education, which aligns with the mission of the MRC. The MRC focuses on public health preparedness, response, and recovery efforts at the local level.
Incorrect choices:
A: Metropolitan Medical Response System (MMRS) - MMRS focuses on enhancing local response capabilities to mass casualty incidents involving hazardous materials. The scenario does not mention hazardous materials or mass casualty incidents.
C: National Disaster Medical System (NDMS) - NDMS is a federally coordinated system that provides medical care during disasters. The scenario describes local volunteer responders, not a federal system.
D: Commissioned Corps Readiness Force (CCRF) - CCRF is a unit within the U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps focused on readiness for public health emergencies. The