Nokea
Mr. Gary monitors his blood sugar daily for diabetes. This is an example of?
- A. Chronic disease management
- B. Acute care
- C. Health promotion
- D. Quality improvement
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Daily blood sugar monitoring for diabetes is chronic disease management (A) ongoing control, per definition. Acute (B) is short, promotion (C) prevents, QI (D) enhances not chronic-specific. A fits long-term care, making it correct.
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Which of the following statement best describe nursing code of ethics?
- A. Hospital-specific rules
- B. Moral guidelines for nurses
- C. A legal contract
- D. A patient request
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nursing code of ethics is moral guidelines for nurses (B), per ANA e.g., duty, respect. Not hospital (A), not contract (C), not request (D) profession-wide. B best defines its ethical framework, guiding Mr. Gary's nurse, making it correct.
A nurse is caring for a client receiving oxygen therapy via a mask. What is an important nursing intervention to prevent pressure ulcers on the client's face?
- A. Frequently adjusting the mask to relieve pressure
- B. Applying petroleum jelly to the areas of skin contact
- C. Placing padding between the mask and the client's skin
- D. Assessing the client's facial skin integrity regularly
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Placing padding between the mask and skin (C) prevents pressure ulcers by cushioning contact points, reducing friction and pressure. Frequent adjustments (A) disrupt fit. Petroleum jelly (B) compromises seal. Regular assessment (D) detects, not prevents. Padding is proactive, per skin care standards, ensuring mask safety.
A client with a new diagnosis of cirrhosis is receiving dietary management education from a nurse. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. You should increase your intake of sodium-rich foods.
- B. You should decrease your intake of sodium-rich foods.
- C. You should avoid foods that contain lactose.
- D. You should increase your intake of dairy products.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reducing the intake of sodium-rich foods is beneficial for managing fluid retention and symptoms of cirrhosis. Excessive sodium can lead to fluid buildup in the body, worsening edema and ascites commonly associated with cirrhosis. Therefore, advising the client to decrease their intake of sodium-rich foods is crucial in the dietary management of cirrhosis. Option A is incorrect as increasing sodium intake would exacerbate fluid retention. Option C is irrelevant to cirrhosis management unless the client has lactose intolerance. Option D is incorrect as increasing dairy product intake may not be suitable for all patients with cirrhosis, especially if they have complications like hepatic encephalopathy.
Which of the following situation best describe an ethical dilemma?
- A. The nurse is not sure what time to give the medication
- B. The client refuses a procedure that can save his life
- C. The client asks what his diagnosis is
- D. The nurse forgot to give the medication
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Client refusing a life-saving procedure (B) is an ethical dilemma autonomy vs. beneficence, per ethics. Timing (A) and forgetting (D) are errors, asking diagnosis (C) routine. B's conflicting principles best exemplify a dilemma, making it correct.
After having an I.V. line in place for 72 hours, a patient complains of tenderness, burning, and swelling. Assessment of the I.V. site reveals that it is warm and erythematous. This usually indicates:
- A. Infection
- B. Infiltration
- C. Phlebitis
- D. Bleeding
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: These symptoms indicate phlebitis, inflammation of the vein.