Nokea
Nearly all cervical carcinomas contain human papillomavirus (HPV). Which of the following types is never associated with such malignancy?
- A. type6
- B. type 16
- C. type 18
- D. type 31
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: HPV type 6 is typically associated with low-grade lesions and genital warts, not cervical carcinoma.
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During a routine check-up, the nurse evaluates a client with rheumatoid arthritis. To assess for the most obvious disease manifestations first, the nurse checks for:
- A. Muscle weakness
- B. Painful subcutaneous nodules
- C. Joint abnormalities
- D. Gait disturbances
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When evaluating a client with rheumatoid arthritis, the nurse should check for joint abnormalities first because it is the most obvious manifestation of the disease. Rheumatoid arthritis primarily affects the joints, causing inflammation, pain, stiffness, and potentially deformity over time. Assessing for joint abnormalities can provide crucial information about the severity and progression of the disease, guiding further assessment and intervention plans. Muscle weakness, painful subcutaneous nodules, and gait disturbances can also be present in rheumatoid arthritis, but joint abnormalities are the hallmark feature that should be assessed initially.
Chemotherapy has a major role in many childhood CNS tumors. In which of the following tumors is chemotherapy not effective?
- A. pilocytic astrocytoma
- B. craniopharyngioma
- C. pineoblastoma
- D. supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors (SPNETs)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pilocytic astrocytomas are generally low-grade and less responsive to chemotherapy compared to other listed tumors.
Which is the most appropriate vision acuity test for a child who is in preschool?
- A. Cover test
- B. Ishihara test
- C. HOTV chart
- D. Snellen letter chart
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The HOTV chart is the most appropriate vision acuity test for a child who is in preschool. The HOTV chart is specifically designed for young children who may not yet know their letters. It uses simple shapes (H, O, T, V) instead of letters for visual acuity testing, making it more suitable and engaging for preschool-aged children. This chart allows for an accurate assessment of a child's visual acuity even before they are able to recognize letters, ensuring early detection of any vision problems that may affect their learning and development. The other options, such as the Cover test, Ishihara test, and Snellen letter chart, are more commonly used for older children and adults.
Gender identity disorder (GID) is characterized by intense and persistent cross-gender identification and discomfort with one’s own sex. In early school-age children, the manifestation that is LEAST likely considered as GID is
- A. dressing as a member of the opposite sex (i.e., cross dressing)
- B. strong belief that one is the opposite sex
- C. exclusive preference for cross sex roles
- D. playing with toys designed for the opposite sex
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Playing with toys designed for the opposite sex does not necessarily indicate GID, as it is a common exploratory behavior in childhood.
The age by which the child can make a tower of 9 cubes and imitates circular stroke is
- A. 24 months
- B. 30 months
- C. 36 months
- D. 42 months
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This milestone is typically achieved around 36 months.