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Nerve impulses create a change in voltage which is measured by and can be seen on a(n) ________.
- A. stethoscope
- B. electrocardiogram
- C. oscilloscope
- D. laparoscope
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An oscilloscope is a device used to measure and display changes in voltage over time, making it ideal for visualizing nerve impulses. When a nerve impulse occurs, it creates a rapid change in membrane potential, which can be recorded as a waveform on the oscilloscope. This tool is commonly used in neuroscience research to study the electrical activity of neurons and understand how nerve impulses are generated and propagated.
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The motor nuclei of the facial nerve are situated in the
- A. Floor of the third ventricle
- B. Cerebellum
- C. Midbrain
- D. Pons
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The motor nuclei of the facial nerve are located in the pons. These nuclei control the muscles of facial expression.
What part of a neuron is responsible for receiving information?
- A. axon
- B. terminal bre
- C. dendrite
- D. myelin sheath
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dendrites are the part of a neuron responsible for receiving information from other neurons. They are branched structures that extend from the cell body and contain receptors for neurotransmitters. When neurotransmitters bind to these receptors, they generate electrical signals that travel toward the cell body, initiating communication between neurons. Dendrites play a crucial role in integrating incoming signals and determining whether the neuron will fire an action potential.
Sitting relaxed and facing you, have your patient perform the following sequence of activities: With arms outstretched, alternately bring in each hand and touch the tip of each index finger to his nose. Next, have the patient rapidly alternate patting his knees with the palmer , then the dorsal aspects of his hands. Finally, have the patient rapidly extend and tap his foot against your hand. Which component of the neurological exam are you assessing?
- A. Sensory function
- B. Cerebellar function
- C. Cranial nerves
- D. Mental status
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: These activities assess cerebellar function, which includes coordination, balance, and fine motor skills. Sensory function, cranial nerves, and mental status are evaluated through different tests, such as pinprick sensation, cranial nerve examination, and cognitive assessments.
During your visit Mrs. Aster complains of ringing in her ears. In questioning her, which of the following responses would indicate to you that she understands the possible cause?
- A. I have been eating a lot of fruits lately.
- B. I have been taking a vitamin supplement.
- C. I went to a loud jazz concert last night.
- D. I have been taking more aspirin lately.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aspirin overdose can cause tinnitus (ringing in the ears).
You have been caring for a patient with osteomyelitis. In preparing the patient for discharge, you include teaching about
- A. The importance of completing the multiple-week treatment with antibiotics.
- B. The side effects and interactions of the medications.
- C. Symptoms that necessitate a call to the physician, nurse practitioner, or physician assistant.
- D. All of the above.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All aspects mentioned are crucial for effective post-discharge care and prevention of complications.