Nokea
Nurse Jones decides to respect family wishes and not tell the client of his terminal status because that would bring the most happiness to the most people. Which of the following ethical theories is considered in this decision?
- A. Utilitarianism
- B. Kantianism
- C. Christian ethics
- D. Ethical egoism
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nurse Jones prioritizes the outcome that brings the most happiness to the most people, which is the core principle of utilitarianism, aligning with option a.
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Is a technique that gets children going in the desired direction
- A. Punishment
- B. Modeling
- C. Demonstrating
- D. Leading
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Modeling (Bandura) guides behavior through example.
zcording to social interactional theory, human beings differ from animals because
- A. Humans are only proactive and not reactive like animals
- B. Human beings have the ability to take the role of others
- C. Human show greater affection than animals
- D. All of these are correct
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Social interaction theory highlights humans' ability to role-take, a cognitive distinction from animals.
A teenager who has a history of alcohol abuse wants to host a holiday party at his home. In order to best implement family-based measures to prevent the use of alcohol or drugs the parents will:
- A. Refuse to allow the teenager to host the party.
- B. Insist upon being home and visible to the guests during the party.
- C. Allow the party only if it is held at a public space such as a church recreation room.
- D. Have all those attending sign a contract promising not to drink or use drugs during the party.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because by insisting on being home and visible during the party, the parents can actively supervise and monitor the activities, deterring any alcohol or drug use. They can intervene promptly if any issues arise.
A: Refusing to allow the teenager to host the party may lead to rebellion and secretive behavior.
C: Allowing the party in a public space does not guarantee supervision or control over alcohol/drug use.
D: Having attendees sign a contract relies solely on their compliance without active supervision or monitoring.
The family of a patient with AIDS has been instructed on patient manifestations to report to the health care provider (HCP). Which manifestation should be reported indicating that teaching has been effective?
- A. Fever
- B. Dry mouth
- C. Night sweats
- D. Constipation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Night sweats. Night sweats are a common symptom of advanced HIV/AIDS, indicating a weakened immune system. Reporting this symptom is crucial for monitoring disease progression and adjusting treatment. Fever (A) is common in many conditions, dry mouth (B) is not specific to AIDS, and constipation (D) is not a typical manifestation of AIDS. Reporting night sweats shows understanding of the disease process and the importance of monitoring symptoms in AIDS patients.
Self-efficacy is influence by:
- A. Encouragement
- B. Discouragement
- C. Both a and b
- D. None
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Self-efficacy is shaped by both encouragement and discouragement (verbal persuasion), per Bandura.