Nokea
Nurse Thompson is overseeing the care of a patient with Parkinson's disease, diagnosed with Impaired Physical Mobility due to neuromuscular issues. She notices various activities performed by a nursing assistant (NA) and needs to decide if any require her immediate intervention. Which action by the NA should prompt Nurse Thompson to intervene?
- A. Placing the patient in a chair without using a transfer belt.
- B. Assisting the patient in ambulating with a gait belt.
- C. Helping the patient with feeding using adaptive utensils.
- D. Encouraging the patient to perform active range of motion exercises.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Placing the patient in a chair without a transfer belt increases the risk of falls and injury, requiring immediate intervention.
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Which of the following is a sign of possible upper motor neuron damage?
- A. Muscle spasticity and hyperreflexia.
- B. Muscle flaccidity and diminished reflexes.
- C. Normal muscle tone and reflexes.
- D. Absence of neurological symptoms.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Upper motor neuron damage is characterized by muscle spasticity and hyperreflexia. Flaccidity, diminished reflexes, and normal tone are not associated with upper motor neuron damage.
After receiving a change-of-shift report at 7:00 am, which of these patients will you assess first?
- A. A 23-year-old with a migraine headache who is complaining of severe nausea associated with retching
- B. A 45-year-old who is scheduled for a craniotomy in 30 minutes and needs preoperative teaching
- C. A 59-year-old with Parkinson's disease who will need a swallowing assessment before breakfast
- D. A 63-year-old with multiple sclerosis who has an oral temperature of 101.8°F and flank pain
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Preoperative teaching is time-sensitive and critical for surgical preparation.
A person who is drunk may have difficulty walking in a straight line because the alcohol has impacted their:
- A. thalamus
- B. reticular formation
- C. amygdala
- D. cerebellum
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating voluntary movements, balance, and posture. Alcohol impairs the cerebellum's function, leading to difficulties in walking, balance, and fine motor control. This is why individuals who are drunk often exhibit unsteady movements and have trouble walking in a straight line. The cerebellum's role in motor coordination makes it particularly sensitive to the effects of alcohol.
Collections of nerve cell bodies inside the PNS are called:
- A. ganglia
- B. tracts
- C. nerves
- D. nuclei
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ganglia are collections of nerve cell bodies located in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Tracts and nuclei are terms used in the central nervous system (CNS), while nerves are bundles of axons. Therefore, A is the correct answer.
The human lens:
- A. is innervated by the ophthalmic nerve
- B. has a uniform refractive index
- C. has a large radius of curvature anteriorly than posteriorly
- D. stops growing after birth
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The human lens has a larger radius of curvature anteriorly than posteriorly, contributing to its optical properties. It is not innervated, does not have a uniform refractive index, and continues to grow throughout life.