Nokea
Nurses of a statewide nursing organization come together to plan for the challenges to health care for the 21st century. What current trend in health care should be a focus of the plan?
- A. Decreasing numbers of hospitalized patients
- B. Increasing numbers of older and more acutely ill patients
- C. Decreasing health care costs owing to managed care
- D. Decreasing advances in medical knowledge and technology
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The National Advisory Council on Nurse Education and Practice identifies the following critical challenges to nursing practice in the 21st century: A growing population of hospitalized patients who are older and more acutely ill, increasing health care costs, and the need to stay current with rapid advances in medical knowledge and technology.
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Nurses in the United States follow regulations outlined by each state's nurse practice act. A nurse moving to a different state anticipates finding which elements are common to all states' nurse practice acts?
- A. Definition of the legal scope of nursing practice for those registered
- B. Provision of continuing education programs to meet state requirements
- C. Determining the scope of content covered in the NCLEX examination
- D. Creating institutional policies for health care practices
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: State nurse practice acts regulate practice by defining the legal scope of practice, creating a state board of nursing to make and enforce rules and regulations, define important terms and activities in nursing, and establish criteria for the education and licensure of nurses. The state's board of nursing has the legal authority define the education required to take NCLEX but does not provide that education or determine the content of the examination. The board has the legal authority to allow graduates of approved schools to take the licensing examination. Institutional policies are created by the institutions themselves.
A nurse historian is researching changes in professional nursing and nursing education in the mid-20th century. What trend promoted advancement of the profession and of nursing education?
- A. Increased need for nurses and knowledge explosion led to emphasis on education.
- B. Focus on the war effort slowed development of knowledge in medicine and technology.
- C. Role of the nurse focused on acute technical skills used in hospital settings.
- D. Nursing care was dependent on the medical profession to define its priorities.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: During World War II, large numbers of women worked outside the home. They became more independent and assertive, leading to an increased emphasis on education. The war itself created a need for more nurses and resulted in a knowledge explosion in medicine and technology.
A nurse considers returning to school to obtain a master's degree in nursing. Which practice discipline requiring graduate level education could the nurse consider?
- A. Rehabilitation nurse
- B. Critical care nurse
- C. Oncology nurse
- D. Nurse practitioner
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A master's degree (MSN) prepares advanced practice nurses, nurse practitioners (NPs), nurse midwives, clinical specialists, or clinical nurse leaders.
A nurse working in a rehabilitation facility focuses on the goal of restoring health for patients. Which nursing interventions could the nurse use to meet this goal? Select all that apply.
- A. Counseling adolescents in a drug rehabilitation program
- B. Performing range-of-motion exercises for a patient on bedrest
- C. Demonstrating insulin injection to a patient with diabetes
- D. Recommending a yoga class for a busy executive
- E. Providing hospice care for a patient with end-stage cancer
- F. Teaching a nutrition class at a local high school
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Activities to restore health focus on the person with an illness and range from early detection of a disease to rehabilitation and teaching during recovery. These activities include drug counseling, teaching patients how to administer their medications, and performing range-of-motion exercises for bedridden patients. Recommending a yoga class for stress reduction helps prevent illness, and teaching a nutrition class helps promote health. A hospice nurse facilitates coping with disability and death.
A nurse is engaged in community health promotion activities. What activity best reflects this type of health promotion?
- A. Teaching about fall prevention and home safety at a senior center
- B. Holding a blood glucose screening for diabetes at a local church
- C. Educating hospice volunteers on therapeutic communication
- D. Providing education on crutch walking to a child with a fractured tibia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nurses promote health and prevent illness primarily by teaching, through personal example and administering preventative vaccinations. Performing blood glucose screening for diabetes detects a disease after it has developed, rather than diabetes prevention. Therapeutic communication during hospice care and crutch walking are additional interventions used for diseases or health problems already present.