On what is successful breastfeeding most dependent?
- A. Mother's socioeconomic level
- B. Size of mother's breasts
- C. Mother's desire to breastfeed
- D. Birth weight of newborn
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Successful breastfeeding is most dependent on the mother's desire to breastfeed. A mother who is committed and motivated to breastfeed is more likely to overcome any challenges that may arise, such as difficulty latching, low milk supply, or lack of support. The mother's determination and willingness to persevere through any difficulties play a significant role in the success of breastfeeding. Additionally, a positive attitude and mindset can greatly impact the mother's breastfeeding experience and enhance the bond between the mother and baby.
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A 70-year old male diagnosed with BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia) asks the nurse about his disease. The best response would be:
- A. "It an be caused by chronic infection of the urinary tract."
- B. "It was caused by your chronic cigarette smoking."
- C. "As you age, hormonal imbalances are the more likey cause of your disease."
- D. "Chronic obstruction of the bladder due to stone can cause BPH."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Option C, "As you age, hormonal imbalances are the more likely cause of your disease," is the best response. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common condition in aging men characterized by an enlarged prostate gland. It is predominantly influenced by hormonal changes, specifically the imbalance between levels of testosterone and estrogen as men age. This hormonal imbalance leads to the proliferation of prostatic tissue and subsequent enlargement of the prostate gland, causing symptoms such as urinary frequency, urgency, weak stream, and difficulty emptying the bladder. Chronic infection of the urinary tract (Option A) and chronic cigarette smoking (Option B) are not the primary causes of BPH. While chronic obstruction of the bladder due to a stone (Option D) can cause similar symptoms to BPH, the underlying etiology of BPH is related to hormonal changes associated with aging.
Mr. RR is to have a brain scanning. Nursing intervention in preparation for this test includes:
- A. Discontinuing any anticonvulsant therapy
- B. Obtaining consent for the treatment
- C. Explaining to Mr. RR that although his head will be supported in place for a period of time, the test will not be painful.
- D. Informing Mr. RR that nausea and headache are frequent following this test
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nursing intervention in preparation for a brain scanning test such as an MRI or CT scan should include explaining to the patient (Mr. RR in this case) that although his head will be supported in place for a period of time during the test, the procedure itself will not be painful. Providing this explanation helps to alleviate any anxiety or fear Mr. RR may have about the test and ensures that he feels comfortable and well-informed before the procedure. This communication is key to promoting a positive patient experience and ensuring cooperation during the test. It also helps in managing patient expectations and reducing any potential stress or discomfort during the scanning process.
A patient who was walking in the woods disturbed a beehive, was stung, and was taken to the emergency department immediately due to allergies to bee stings. Which of the ff. symptoms would the nurse expect to see upon admission of this patient? i.Pallor around the sting bites iv. Retinal hemorrhage ii.Numbness and tingling in the extremities v. Tachycardia iii.Respiratory stridor vi. Dyspnea
- A. 1, 2, 2004
- B. 3, 5, 2006
- C. 2, 3, 2004
- D. 4, 5, 2006
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse would expect to see respiratory stridor (iii), tachycardia (v), and dyspnea (vi) upon admission of the patient who was stung by a bee, particularly if the patient has allergies to bee stings. These symptoms are indicative of an allergic reaction, which can progress to anaphylaxis in severe cases. Symptoms such as pallor around the sting bites (i), retinal hemorrhage (iv), and numbness and tingling in the extremities (ii) are not typically associated with an allergic reaction to a bee sting.
You are evaluating a 6-mo-old girl with a firm right suprarenal mass. Histologically, there is no bony involvement, 10% bone marrow involvement, subcutaneous nodules involvement, and massive abdominal mass. The N-myc oncogene is not amplified. According to the international neuroblastoma staging system, the infant is stratified as
- A. stage I
- B. stage II A
- C. stage III
- D. stage IV S
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Stage IV S refers to infants <1 year with localized primary tumor, distant metastases limited to liver, skin, or bone marrow (with <10% involvement), and no amplification of N-myc.
By the age of 7 months, the infant is able to do all the following EXCEPT
- A. transfer object from hand to hand
- B. actively bounces
- C. uses radial palm grasp
- D. cruises
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cruising typically occurs later, around 9-10 months.