Nokea
Parents of an 18-month-old boy tells the nurse that he says no to everything and has rapid mood swings. If he is scolded, he shows anger and then immediately wants to be held. What is the nurses best interpretation of this behavior?
- A. This is normal behavior for his age.
- B. This is unusual behavior for his age.
- C. He is not effectively coping with stress.
- D. He is showing he needs more attention.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Toddlers use distinct behaviors in the quest for autonomy. They express their will with continued negativity and use of the word no. Children at this age also have rapid mood swings. The nurse should reassure the parents that their child is engaged in expected behavior for an 18-month-old.
You may also like to solve these questions
What factor is most important in predisposing toddlers to frequent infections?
- A. Respirations are abdominal.
- B. Pulse and respiratory rates in toddlers are slower than those in infants.
- C. Defense mechanisms are less efficient than those during infancy.
- D. Toddlers have short, straight internal ear canals and large lymph tissue.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Toddlers continue to have the short, straight internal ear canals of infants. The lymphoid tissue of the tonsils and adenoids continues to be relatively large. These two anatomic conditions combine to predispose toddlers to frequent infections. The abdominal respirations and lowered pulse and respiratory rate of toddlers do not affect their susceptibility to infection. The defense mechanisms are more efficient compared with those of infancy.
A 17-month-old child should be expected to be in which stage, according to Piaget?
- A. Preoperations
- B. Concrete operations
- C. Tertiary circular reactions
- D. Secondary circular reactions
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A 17-month-old is in the fifth stage of the sensorimotor phase, tertiary circular reactions. The child uses active experimentation to achieve previously unattainable goals. Preoperations is the stage of cognitive development usually present in older toddlers and preschoolers. Concrete operations is the cognitive stage associated with school-age children. The secondary circular reaction stage lasts from about ages 4 to 8 months.
Which characteristic best describes the gross motor skills of a 24-month-old child?
- A. Skips
- B. Broad jumps
- C. Rides tricycle
- D. Walks up and down stairs
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A 24-month-old child can go up and down stairs alone with two feet on each step. Skipping and broad jumping are skills acquired at age 3 years. Tricycle riding is achieved at age 4 years.
The parents of a newborn say that their toddler hates the baby. He suggested that we put him in the trash can so the trash truck could take him away. What is the nurses best reply?
- A. Lets see if we can figure out why he hates the new baby.
- B. Thats a strong statement to come from such a small boy.
- C. Lets refer him to counseling to work this hatred out. Its not a normal response.
- D. That is a normal response to the birth of a sibling. Lets look at ways to deal with this.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The arrival of a new infant represents a crisis for even the best prepared toddler. Toddlers have their entire schedules and routines disrupted because of the new family member. The nurse should work with the parents on ways to involve the toddler in the newborns care and to help focus attention on the toddler. The toddler does not hate the infant. This is an expected, normal response to the changes in routines and attention that affect the toddler. The toddler can be provided with a doll to imitate parents behaviors. The child can care for the dolls needs at the same time the parent is performing similar care for the newborn.
What developmental characteristic does not occur until a child reaches age 2 1/2 years?
- A. Birth weight has doubled.
- B. Anterior fontanel is still open.
- C. Primary dentition is complete.
- D. Binocularity may be established.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Usually by age 30 months, the primary dentition of 20 teeth is complete. Birth weight doubles at approximately ages 5 to 6 months. The anterior fontanel closes at ages 12 to 18 months. Binocularity is established by age 15 months.