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Parents of an infant inform the nurse they are planning home preparation of solid foods. What directions should the nurse provide?
- A. Boil foods in a large amount of water.
- B. Do not freeze foods.
- C. Add 1 teaspoon of salt per cup.
- D. Puree food in electric blender.
- E. Add sugar sparingly.
Correct Answer: D,E
Rationale: Home-prepared infant foods should be pureed in a blender and have minimal sugar; boiling in small amounts of water preserves nutrients, and freezing is acceptable.
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What is the best action the nurse would advise the parent to implement?
- A. Use commercial diaper wipes to clean the area.
- B. Apply a protective ointment on the area.
- C. Change the infant's diaper less frequently.
- D. Keep the diaper area covered all of the time.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Applying a protective ointment on pink, irritated skin helps treat diaper rash effectively.
How might the nurse demonstrate the parachute reflex with an infant?
- A. Lifting the infant high in the air above her head
- B. Holding the infant in a football hold, cradling the head
- C. Seating the infant in a stroller in an upright position
- D. Placing the infant downward into the crib
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The parachute reflex is demonstrated by placing the infant downward in a prone position, prompting protective arm extension.
What is an abnormal finding in an evaluation of growth and development for a 6-month-old infant?
- A. Weight gain of 4 to 7 ounces per week
- B. Length increase of 1 inch in 2 months
- C. Head lag present
- D. Can sit alone for a few seconds
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Head lag at 6 months is abnormal as infants should hold their head up well by 5 months, warranting further evaluation.
What will the nurse take into consideration when educating parents regarding infant nutrition?
- A. Cultural practices
- B. Sex of the infant
- C. Parental knowledge
- D. Infant's developmental level
- E. Parent-child interaction
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: Nutrition education should consider cultural practices, parental knowledge, infant developmental level, and parent-child interaction; the infant's sex is irrelevant.
What should the teaching plan include about infant fall precautions?
- A. Remove all unsteady furniture.
- B. Keep crib rails up and in locked position.
- C. Steady infant with hand when on changing table.
- D. Use tray attachment on high chair as restraint.
- E. Keep infant seat on the floor while indoors.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Removing unsteady furniture, keeping crib rails up, steadying the infant on the changing table, and placing the infant seat on the floor are effective fall precautions; the high chair tray is not a sufficient restraint.