Nokea
Patients taking antacids should be educated regarding these drugs, including letting them know that:
- A. They may cause constipation or diarrhea
- B. Many are high in sodium
- C. They should separate antacids from other medications by 1 hour
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All are true: antacids cause GI effects , may be high-sodium , and interact with drugs if not timed apart .
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Patient education when prescribing colchicine includes:
- A. Colchicine may be constipating
- B. Colchicine always causes some degree of diarrhea
- C. Mild muscle weakness is normal
- D. Moderate amounts of alcohol are safe with colchicine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Colchicine commonly causes diarrhea, not constipation ; weakness or alcohol aren't typical advice.
Potentially fatal granulocytopenia has been associated with treatment of hyperthyroidism with propylthiouracil. Patients should be taught to report:
- A. Tinnitus and decreased salivation
- B. Fever and sore throat
- C. Hypocalcemia and osteoporosis
- D. Laryngeal edema and difficulty swallowing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fever and sore throat signal granulocytopenia with propylthiouracil; other symptoms are unrelated.
Phenytoin decreases folic acid absorption by:
- A. Altering the pH of the stomach
- B. Increasing gastric emptying time
- C. Inhibiting intestinal enzymes required for folic acid absorption
- D. Chelation of the folic acid into inactive ingredients
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phenytoin inhibits intestinal conjugase enzymes, reducing folic acid absorption.
The nurse is assessing a client with diabetes who reports several hypoglycemic episodes during the past 3 weeks. What assessment question best addresses a potential causative factor?
- A. Do you ever take St. John's wort?'
- B. Have you used any recreational drugs in the past few weeks?'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: St. John's wort can affect glucose metabolism and drug interactions, potentially causing hypoglycemia in diabetics.
NSAIDs increase the risk of CNS adverse effects when taken with which group of antibiotics?
- A. Macrolides
- B. Penicillins
- C. Aminoglycosides
- D. Quinolones
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Quinolones (e.g., ciprofloxacin) with NSAIDs can increase CNS effects like seizures due to GABA inhibition.