Nokea
Phenytoin decreases folic acid absorption by:
- A. Altering the pH of the stomach
- B. Increasing gastric emptying time
- C. Inhibiting intestinal enzymes required for folic acid absorption
- D. Chelation of the folic acid into inactive ingredients
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phenytoin inhibits intestinal conjugase enzymes, reducing folic acid absorption.
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Potentially fatal granulocytopenia has been associated with treatment of hyperthyroidism with propylthiouracil. Patients should be taught to report:
- A. Tinnitus and decreased salivation
- B. Fever and sore throat
- C. Hypocalcemia and osteoporosis
- D. Laryngeal edema and difficulty swallowing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fever and sore throat signal granulocytopenia with propylthiouracil; other symptoms are unrelated.
Digoxin levels need to be monitored closely when the following medication is started:
- A. Loratadine
- B. Diphenhydramine
- C. Ipratropium
- D. Albuterol
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Albuterol , a beta-agonist, can increase digoxin levels by enhancing its effects, requiring close monitoring; antihistamines and ipratropium have minimal impact.
Frusemide is:
- A. A loop diuretic
- B. Osmotic diuretic
- C. Aldosterone antagonist
- D. A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Furosemide (Frusemide) is a loop diuretic that inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle, leading to increased urine output.
In today's health care environment there is often more contact between the patient and the nurse than between the patient and the physician. How does this increased patient contact impact drug therapy?
- A. Choosing the best medication to treat the patient's condition
- B. Assessing the patient's preferred communication strategies
- C. Assessing the therapeutic success of the drug therapy
- D. Reducing dosage quickly when adverse effects arise
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: More contact allows nurses to assess therapy success through observation and patient feedback.
Indirect costs associated with drug therapy include:
- A. The cost of diagnostic tests to monitor therapeutic levels
- B. Health-care provider time to prescribe and educate the patient
- C. Child-care expenses incurred while receiving therapy
- D. Loss of wages while undergoing drug therapy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Indirect costs include societal impacts like lost wages due to treatment.