Nokea
Postoperative pulmonary hypertension can be managed with
- A. hyperventilation
- B. catecholamines
- C. nitroprusside
- D. phosphodiesterase inhibitors
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Inhaled nitric oxide and phosphodiesterase inhibitors are commonly used to manage postoperative pulmonary hypertension.
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In infantile eczema:
- A. The rash is characteristically present at birth
- B. The papules are itchy
- C. Cold weather relieves the symptoms
- D. A family history of related disorders is elicited in 70% of cases
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Infantile eczema is itchy and often associated with a family history of atopy. The rash is not present at birth, and cold weather can exacerbate symptoms.
An 8-year-old female presents with chest pain of 1 day's duration. Five days prior to the pain, she had fever, chills, and myalgias. Physical examination reveals an uncomfortable, anxious, afebrile patient with tachycardia, no murmur, and distant heart sounds. The chest x-ray is shown in Figure 19-2. There is a paradoxical pulse of 22 mm Hg. The most likely diagnosis is
- A. myocarditis
- B. cardiomyopathy
- C. Kawasaki disease
- D. pericarditis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pericarditis causes distant heart sounds, paradoxical pulse, and can follow viral illnesses.
Common presenting features of myotonic dystrophy are:
- A. Floppy infant
- B. Corneal opacities
- C. Frontal baldness
- D. Macro-orchidism
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Macro-orchidism: Myotonic dystrophy is characterized by muscle weakness and myotonia. Macro-orchidism (enlarged testes) is a distinctive feature, especially in male patients.
The following are features of encephalitis:
- A. Herpes simplex encephalitis has a reasonably good prognosis
- B. Varicella zoster virus encephalitis is predominantly 'cerebellar'
- C. Mumps encephalitis can cause unilateral nerve deafness
- D. Herpes simplex encephalitis predominantly affects the temporal lobe
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Herpes simplex encephalitis primarily affects the temporal lobe. Prognosis is poor, and varicella zoster encephalitis is not predominantly cerebellar. Mumps encephalitis can cause deafness.
A client who weighs 175 pounds is receiving IV bolus dose of heparin 80 units/kg. The heparin is available in a 2 ml vial, labeled 10,000 units/ml. How many ml should the nurse administer? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.)
- A. 0.6
- C. 6
- D. 1
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The calculation is based on the client's weight and the prescribed dosage of heparin.