Nokea
Prescribers have been shown to override a medication alert about a patient's allergies when:
- A. The history showed that the patient had tolerated the medication in the past
- B. The benefit outweighed the risk
- C. The medication was therapeutically appropriate and needed
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prescribers may override alerts if past tolerance, benefit-risk balance, or therapeutic need justifies it.
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When documenting, which of the following would be appropriate for the nurse to use at accredited health care organizations? Select one that does not apply.
- A. IU
- B. 2mg
- C. 0.2 mg
- D. Units
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Always use a leading zero when writing decimals (i.e., 0.2 mg, not .2 mg) and leave off the trailing zero (i.e., 2 mg, not 2.0 mg). Always write out units, international units, and daily; do not use U, IU, or QD.
Oral rehydration solution has been employed in following EXCEPT:
- A. Severe vomiting
- B. Burn cases
- C. Heat stroke
- D. Diarrhoea
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is used in diarrhea, burns, and heat stroke to replace fluids and electrolytes, but severe vomiting limits its effectiveness due to inability to retain it.
The safest drug to use to treat pregnant women with deep vein thrombosis is:
- A. Low-molecular-weight heparin
- B. Warfarin
- C. Aspirin
- D. Heparin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Heparin is safest in pregnancy as it doesn't cross the placenta, unlike warfarin (B, teratogenic); LMWH is also safe but not listed as 'heparin.'
Reduce the likelihood of therapeutic failure with tamoxifen treatment
- A. Not provided in document
- B. Not provided in document
- C. Not provided in document
- D. Not provided in document
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This question lacks options, but the answer key (ANS: 2) suggests the second choice. Strategies to reduce therapeutic failure include avoiding CYP2D6 inhibitors to ensure proper metabolism of tamoxifen to its active form.
The ganglion blocking drugs act by
- A. Competing with acetylcholine at neuromuscular junctions
- B. Preventing release of acetylcholine
- C. Preventing nerve conduction in post ganglionic segment
- D. Preventing catecholamine release or inactivating it
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ganglion blockers (e.g., hexamethonium) prevent acetylcholine release at ganglia.