Nokea
Priority Decision: To reduce the risk for most occupational lung diseases, what is the most important measure the occupational nurse should promote?
- A. Maintaining smoke-free work environments for all employees.
- B. Using masks and effective ventilation systems to reduce exposure to irritants.
- C. Inspection and monitoring of workplaces by national occupational safety agencies.
- D. Requiring periodic chest x-rays and pulmonary function tests for exposed employees.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Requiring periodic chest x-rays and pulmonary function tests for exposed employees is crucial in early detection and prevention of occupational lung diseases.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which of these factors does not affect hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen?
- A. RBC metabolic activity
- B. temperature
- C. electrolyte balance
- D. the PO2 of blood
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: electrolyte balance. Hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen is primarily influenced by factors such as pH, temperature, and the partial pressure of oxygen (PO2). Electrolyte balance, on the other hand, does not directly impact hemoglobin's ability to bind with oxygen. Changes in electrolyte levels may affect overall blood composition but do not directly alter hemoglobin's oxygen-binding capacity. Therefore, electrolyte balance does not affect hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen, making it the correct choice. RBC metabolic activity can impact oxygen release from hemoglobin, temperature can affect hemoglobin's oxygen-binding capacity, and the PO2 of blood directly influences oxygen binding to hemoglobin.
Which of the following statements is false?
- A. Hemoglobin functions as a buffer
- B. Bicarbonate ions tend to diffuse out of red blood cells into the blood plasma.
- C. The movement of molecules is in different directions in the metabolically active tissues and the alveoli.
- D. Carbonic anhydrase is an enzyme that promotes the formation of oxyhemoglobin.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into bicarbonate ions and protons, not the formation of oxyhemoglobin. Step-by-step rationale: 1. Hemoglobin functions as a buffer by binding to hydrogen ions to help regulate pH levels in the blood. 2. Bicarbonate ions do tend to diffuse out of red blood cells into the plasma to maintain the balance of CO2 and pH. 3. The movement of molecules is indeed different in metabolically active tissues (where oxygen is released and CO2 is taken up) compared to the alveoli (where the opposite occurs). Therefore, choices A, B, and C are all correct statements, making D the false statement.
The nurse is teaching a client with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) about the prescribed CPAP. What information does the nurse NOT include?
- A. Insurance will cover the cost if you wear it at least 4 hours a day.
- B. Once the delivery mask is adjusted, do not loosen the straps.
- C. The CPAP provides pressure that holds your upper airways open.
- D. You need to clean the mask at least once a week to prevent infection.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because insurance coverage for CPAP machines is generally not based on the number of hours it is worn per day but rather on medical necessity. The nurse would not include this information as it could lead to misunderstanding and incorrect assumptions. Choice B is incorrect because adjusting the mask may be necessary for comfort. Choice C is correct as CPAP does provide pressure to keep airways open. Choice D is also correct as cleaning the mask regularly is essential to prevent infections.
A sensitized B cell is activated once:
- A. it binds a helper T cell that releases cytokines.
- B. it binds a cytotoxic T cell.
- C. memory B cells have been cloned.
- D. it has cloned plasma cells.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a sensitized B cell requires activation by a helper T cell releasing cytokines to undergo differentiation and proliferation into plasma cells. This interaction is crucial for initiating the humoral immune response. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because binding to a cytotoxic T cell, cloning of memory B cells, or cloning of plasma cells do not directly activate a sensitized B cell for its function in producing antibodies.
The nurse is performing an occupational history as part of the respiratory assessment. Which occupation(s) place the patient isn't at increased risk for an occupational lung disorder?
- A. A firefighter
- B. A cotton gin worker
- C. A construction contractor
- D. A bartender
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: A bartender. Bartenders are not typically exposed to occupational lung hazards like smoke, dust, or chemicals. Firefighters (A), cotton gin workers (B), and construction contractors (C) are all at increased risk due to exposure to smoke, cotton dust, and construction materials, respectively. As a result, the bartender is the least likely to develop an occupational lung disorder compared to the other professions listed.