Questions on Respiratory System

Questions on Respiratory System Related

Review Questions on Respiratory System related questions and content

Which of the following describes a correct order of structures in the respiratory passageways?

  • A. pharynx, trachea, larynx, bronchi, bronchioles
  • B. larynx, pharynx, trachea, bronchioles, bronchi
  • C. trachea, pharynx, larynx, bronchi, bronchioles
  • D. pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct order of structures in the respiratory passageways is D: pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles. This is the correct order because air enters the body through the pharynx, then passes through the larynx (voice box), followed by the trachea (windpipe), which branches into the bronchi, and then further divides into bronchioles. The other choices are incorrect because they do not follow the natural flow of air through the respiratory system. Choice A has the incorrect order starting with the pharynx, followed by the trachea, larynx, bronchi, and bronchioles. Choice B starts with the larynx, then pharynx, trachea, bronchioles, and bronchi, which is out of sequence. Choice C begins with the trachea, then pharynx, larynx, bronchi, and bronchioles, which is also incorrect

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How much does the inspired O2 concentration have to be raised to abolish the hypoxaemia?

  • A. 5%
  • B. 7%
  • C. 10%
  • D. 15%
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B (7%). To abolish hypoxemia, inspired O2 concentration needs to be increased sufficiently to raise arterial oxygen levels. A 7% increase is generally effective in achieving this without causing oxygen toxicity. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because a 5% increase may not be enough to abolish hypoxemia, a 10% increase can lead to oxygen toxicity, and a 15% increase is excessive and unnecessary for treating hypoxemia. Therefore, option B is the most appropriate and balanced choice for addressing hypoxemia effectively.

Which of the following factors predispose a client to the development of TB?

  • A. Exposure to toxic gases
  • B. Obstruction by tumor
  • C. Congenital abnormalities
  • D. Malnutrition
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Malnutrition weakens the immune system, increasing susceptibility to TB. A (exposure to toxic gases) is unrelated. B (obstruction by tumor) and C (congenital abnormalities) do not directly predispose to TB.

During transportation of Carbon dioxide, blood will not become acidic, because

  • A. It contains hemoglobin
  • B. It contains Hemoglobinc acid
  • C. It contains Buffers
  • D. It contains high CO2
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is correct because blood contains buffers like bicarbonate that help maintain pH balance by neutralizing excess acids or bases. This prevents blood from becoming acidic during CO2 transportation. Choices A and B are incorrect as hemoglobin doesn't directly regulate blood pH, and hemoglobinc acid is not a component in blood. Choice D is incorrect as high CO2 levels can actually lead to blood becoming more acidic if not properly buffered.

The organ of the respiratory system that traps bacteria with a ring of tonsils is the:

  • A. nose
  • B. pharynx
  • C. larynx
  • D. trachea
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: pharynx. The pharynx is the organ that traps bacteria with its tonsils. The tonsils are located in the pharynx and act as the body's first line of defense against pathogens entering the respiratory system. The nose (choice A) is responsible for warming, humidifying, and filtering air, but it does not trap bacteria with tonsils. The larynx (choice C) is involved in sound production and preventing food from entering the airway, not trapping bacteria. The trachea (choice D) is the windpipe that carries air to and from the lungs, but it does not have tonsils to trap bacteria.

Which of the following statements is false?

  • A. Hemoglobin functions as a buffer
  • B. Bicarbonate ions tend to diffuse out of red blood cells into the blood plasma.
  • C. The movement of molecules is in different directions in the metabolically active tissues and the alveoli.
  • D. Carbonic anhydrase is an enzyme that promotes the formation of oxyhemoglobin.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into bicarbonate ions and protons, not the formation of oxyhemoglobin. Step-by-step rationale: 1. Hemoglobin functions as a buffer by binding to hydrogen ions to help regulate pH levels in the blood. 2. Bicarbonate ions do tend to diffuse out of red blood cells into the plasma to maintain the balance of CO2 and pH. 3. The movement of molecules is indeed different in metabolically active tissues (where oxygen is released and CO2 is taken up) compared to the alveoli (where the opposite occurs). Therefore, choices A, B, and C are all correct statements, making D the false statement.

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