Nokea
Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) is a prohormone for __________.
- A. ACTH
- B. growth hormone
- C. thyroxin
- D. insulin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: POMC is processed into various peptide hormones, including adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). ACTH is produced by the pituitary gland and stimulates the adrenal glands to release cortisol. This is why option A is correct. Growth hormone, thyroxin, and insulin are not derived from POMC, making options B, C, and D incorrect.
You may also like to solve these questions
Iodine, colloid, and goiter refer to which gland?
- A. Pancreas
- B. Parathyroid
- C. Thyroid
- D. Neurohypophysis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Thyroid. Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone production. A colloid is a gel-like substance found in the thyroid follicles. Goiter is a condition of thyroid enlargement. The other choices are incorrect because the pancreas (A) produces digestive enzymes and hormones like insulin, the parathyroid (B) regulates calcium levels, and the neurohypophysis (D) is part of the pituitary gland responsible for releasing hormones like vasopressin. Thus, the correct choice is the thyroid gland due to its association with iodine, colloid, and goiter.
The hormone that stimulates the contraction of smooth muscle in the uterus is .
- A. follicle-stimulating hormone
- B. oxytocin
- C. prolactin
- D. luteinizing hormone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: oxytocin. Oxytocin is the hormone responsible for stimulating the contraction of smooth muscle in the uterus during childbirth and labor. It acts on the smooth muscle cells in the uterine wall, causing them to contract and aiding in the process of childbirth.
A: Follicle-stimulating hormone is involved in the regulation of the reproductive system, particularly in the development of ovarian follicles.
C: Prolactin is primarily responsible for milk production in the mammary glands.
D: Luteinizing hormone triggers ovulation and the formation of the corpus luteum in the ovary.
Therefore, the correct answer is B because it directly affects the contraction of smooth muscle in the uterus, which is essential during childbirth.
All of the following are β-adrenergic agonists EXCEPT:
- A. Adrenaline
- B. Dopamine
- C. Noradrenaline
- D. Phenylephrine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Phenylephrine. Beta-adrenergic agonists stimulate beta-adrenergic receptors. Phenylephrine is an alpha-adrenergic agonist, not a beta-adrenergic agonist. Adrenaline, dopamine, and noradrenaline are all beta-adrenergic agonists. Therefore, the correct answer is D.
A patient with a recent drug poisoning is transported to the emergency department. The physician orders (correctly, in this case) administration of pralidoxime as part of the comprehensive emergency treatment plan. Which one of the following best describes who the patient was?
- A. A 13-year-old boy who took an overdose of amphetamine for his ADD/ADHD
- B. A 43-year-old who took an overdose of neostigmine, prescribed for her myasthenia gravis, in a suicide attempt
- C. A 6-year-old who got into the family medicine cabinet and took 10 'adult doses' of her dad's prazosin
- D. A farm/field worker accidentally doused with insecticide from an overflying crop-duster plane
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because pralidoxime is used to treat poisoning from organophosphate insecticides, which are commonly used in agriculture. The patient is likely a farm/field worker who was accidentally exposed to insecticide.
A: Amphetamine poisoning does not require pralidoxime.
B: Neostigmine is not an organophosphate insecticide.
C: Prazosin is not an organophosphate insecticide and is unlikely to require pralidoxime in this context.
In summary, the correct answer is D because the patient's exposure to insecticide aligns with the indication for pralidoxime use, while the other choices involve different substances that do not require pralidoxime treatment.
The patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus is in the clinic to check his long-term glycemic control. Which test should be used?
- A. Water deprivation test
- B. Fasting blood glucose test
- C. Oral glucose tolerance test
- D. Glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The A1C test measures long-term glycemic control and is the most appropriate test for monitoring type 1 diabetes mellitus.