Regarding gross anatomy of male reproductive system
- A. Dartos muscle is responsible to raise and lower the testes
- B. Ductus deferens penetrate the prostate gland to connect with prostatic urethra
- C. Anterior lobe of prostate gland is the main glandular tissue
- D. Buck's fascia encloses body of penis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the ductus deferens penetrates the prostate gland to connect with the prostatic urethra, forming the ejaculatory duct. This allows for the transport of sperm from the epididymis to the urethra during ejaculation.
A: Dartos muscle is responsible for wrinkling the scrotal skin but not raising and lowering the testes.
C: The anterior lobe of the prostate gland mainly consists of fibromuscular tissue, not glandular tissue.
D: Buck's fascia surrounds the corpora cavernosa and the corpus spongiosum of the penis, not the body of the penis itself.
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Mrs. Smith asks if she will look 'normal' in clothes again and about the possibility of having reconstructive surgery. The most appropriate response would be
- A. explaining that reconstructive surgery is still experimental
- B. telling her that an external breast prosthesis is safer
- C. supporting her in her efforts to gain more information about her options
- D. telling her she would probably not be a candidate for reconstructive surgery
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Supporting the patient in gaining more information empowers her decision-making process.
When a nurse is educating a group of women about the risks of breast cancer, she includes which of the following common risk factor?
- A. Older than 30 years of age
- B. Family history of breast cancer
- C. African-American heritage
- D. Breast tenderness, without any sensation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Family history is a well-established risk factor for breast cancer.
Which of these includes the other terms?
- A. labia
- B. clitoris
- C. vulva
- D. vestibular glands
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: vulva. The vulva includes the labia, clitoris, and vestibular glands. The labia are the outer folds of skin, the clitoris is a highly sensitive erectile structure, and the vestibular glands are located around the vaginal opening. The vulva encompasses all these structures, making it the most inclusive term among the options provided. The other choices are incorrect because they are specific structures that are part of the vulva but do not encompass all the other terms listed.
The spermatozoon:
- A. is the primordial male cell;
- B. is a microscopic cell;
- C. forms within the interstitial cells;
- D. is a diploid cell;
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the spermatozoon is indeed the primordial male cell, the precursor to all other male reproductive cells. Choice B is incorrect because the term "microscopic cell" is too broad and does not specifically define the spermatozoon. Choice C is incorrect because spermatozoa are actually formed within the seminiferous tubules of the testes, not the interstitial cells. Choice D is incorrect because spermatozoa are haploid cells, not diploid. Therefore, only choice A accurately describes the nature and origin of the spermatozoon.
What factor will inhibit LH secretion?
- A. FSH
- B. progesterone
- C. estrogen
- D. LH
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: progesterone. Progesterone inhibits LH secretion by exerting negative feedback on the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. This hormone signals that the body has enough progesterone and does not need additional LH for ovulation. FSH (choice A) stimulates LH secretion, estrogen (choice C) typically increases LH secretion during the menstrual cycle, and LH (choice D) does not inhibit its own secretion.