Nokea
Skin lesions characteristically associated with CNS problems:
- A. Dermatitis herpetiformis
- B. Vitiligo
- C. Strawberry angioma on face
- D. Axillary freckling
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Axillary freckling
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The following cardiac lesions are at increased risk for bacterial endocarditis EXCEPT
- A. mitral insufficiency
- B. aortic stenosis
- C. atrial septal defect seccundum
- D. coarctation of the aorta
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ASD seccundum is generally not considered a high-risk lesion for bacterial endocarditis.
Which of the following is an example of humanized anti-human IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody?
- A. Infliximab
- B. Adalimumab
- C. Tocilizumab
- D. Anakinra
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tocilizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets the IL-6 receptor, used in treating inflammatory conditions.
List THREE indications for intervention for aortopathy in Marfan’s syndrome in an older teenager.
- A. Aortic root or ascending aorta dilation >44-50mm
- B. Symptomatic (pain consistent with rupture)
- C. Growth of >0.5cm/y
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: These are significant indicators that require surgical intervention to prevent further complications, such as rupture or dissection.
Common causes of seizures in a neonate are:
- A. Hypocalcaemia
- B. Hypoglycaemia
- C. Pyridoxine deficiency
- D. Hydrocephalus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because hypoglycaemia is a common cause of neonatal seizures. The other options (a, c, d, e) are also causes but less common.
The following features are more suggestive of biliary atresia rather than neonatal hepatitis in an infant 6 weeks of age:
- A. Hepatomegaly
- B. Prolonged INR (prothrombin time)
- C. Biopsy specimen showed proliferation of bile ductules, periportal fibrosis and bile lakes
- D. HillA scan reveals delayed uptake and excretion of the contrast material
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Proliferation of bile ductules, periportal fibrosis, and bile lakes on biopsy are hallmark features of biliary atresia.