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The ANA recommends that nursing in the health care organization change its focus. This requires a shift from a technical model to which of the following?
- A. Professional
- B. Industrial
- C. Random
- D. Organized
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Professional. The shift from a technical model to a professional model aligns with the ANA's emphasis on advancing nursing practice. Professionals have specialized knowledge, adhere to ethical standards, and engage in ongoing education. Industrial (B) focuses on efficiency in production, not applicable to nursing. Random (C) lacks structure and purpose. Organized (D) implies structure but doesn't capture the essence of professionalism in nursing practice.
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Which type of HMO contracts with two or more IPAs (Independent Practice Associations)?
- A. Staff model
- B. Point of service model
- C. Network model
- D. Group model
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Network model. In this model, the HMO contracts with multiple IPAs, allowing members to choose from a wider network of physicians. This promotes flexibility and choice. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: Staff model involves directly employing physicians, not contracting with IPAs.
B: Point of service model allows members to go outside the network for care, not necessarily contracting with IPAs.
D: Group model involves physicians working in a group practice, not IPAs.
Which of the following is a key principle of the patient-centered care model?
- A. Healthcare provider satisfaction
- B. Cost reduction
- C. Patient autonomy
- D. Provider convenience
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Patient autonomy. Patient-centered care emphasizes the importance of involving patients in their own healthcare decisions, respecting their preferences, values, and needs. This principle ensures that patients are active participants in their care, leading to improved health outcomes and patient satisfaction.
Incorrect choices:
A: Healthcare provider satisfaction - While important, patient-centered care focuses on the patient's experience and outcomes rather than the provider's satisfaction.
B: Cost reduction - While costs are a consideration in healthcare delivery, patient-centered care prioritizes the patient's well-being over cost savings.
D: Provider convenience - Patient-centered care does not prioritize provider convenience; instead, it prioritizes meeting the individual needs and preferences of the patient.
A unit director at a local hospital knows even leadership may face ethical dilemmas. Which of the following should the director take into consideration when dealing with an employee who is incompetent?
- A. The situation should be tolerated for as long as possible because of the amount of time and paperwork required to terminate an incompetent nurse.
- B. Incompetence only impacts the individual nurse.
- C. The director should follow her institution’s formal process for reporting and handling practices that jeopardize patient safety.
- D. Most nurse practice acts direct how to handle incompetent nurses.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The unit director should follow the institution's formal process for reporting and handling practices that jeopardize patient safety when dealing with an incompetent employee.
1. Firstly, it is important to prioritize patient safety above all else.
2. By following the institution's formal process, the director ensures that the proper steps are taken to address the incompetence effectively.
3. This approach also promotes transparency and accountability within the organization.
4. It aligns with ethical principles of duty to care and responsibility for patient well-being.
The other choices are incorrect:
A: Tolerating incompetence is not an acceptable approach as it can compromise patient safety.
B: Incompetence can have broader impacts beyond the individual nurse, such as affecting patient outcomes and overall team performance.
D: While nurse practice acts may provide guidance, the institution's specific procedures should be followed to address incompetence effectively.
When lifting a bedside cabinet to move it closer to a client, what action should the nurse take to prevent self-injury?
- A. Keep the feet close together.
- B. Use the back muscles for lifting.
- C. Stand close to the cabinet when lifting it.
- D. Bend at the waist.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Keep the feet close together. This helps maintain a stable base of support, improving balance and reducing the risk of injury. The wider the base of support, the more stable the body is during lifting. Keeping the feet close together also helps distribute the weight evenly and allows for better control over the movement.
Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
B: Using the back muscles for lifting can lead to strain and injury. It is important to use the legs and core muscles instead.
C: Standing close to the cabinet when lifting may cause strain due to limited range of motion. It is better to maintain a comfortable distance.
D: Bending at the waist increases the risk of back injury. Instead, it is recommended to bend at the knees and hips while keeping the back straight.
Attending a continuing education class on advanced technology in health care is interpreted as which of the following by the nurse manager?
- A. Only important for nurse managers
- B. Not important
- C. A waste of time
- D. Essential to nursing care
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Essential to nursing care. Attending a continuing education class on advanced technology in health care is essential for nurses to stay updated with the latest advancements, improve patient care, and enhance their clinical skills. It helps nurses deliver high-quality care, adapt to changes in healthcare practices, and improve patient outcomes. The other choices are incorrect because continuing education benefits all healthcare professionals, not just nurse managers. It is not unimportant or a waste of time, as it directly impacts the quality of nursing care provided.