Nokea
The child's ability to understand conservation develops during
- A. Sensorimotor
- B. Preoperational
- C. Concrete operational
- D. Formal operational
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Conservation, understanding that properties remain constant despite appearance, develops in the concrete operational stage (Piaget).
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A family has presented at a community mental health clinic. The mother reports that the children ages 8 and 10 are 'not doing well since their father died three months ago.' The nurse demonstrates an understanding of the goals of a family mental health assessment when initially:
- A. Assessing the mother's ability to provide physical care for her children.
- B. Encouraging the mother to discuss the problems with the children's teachers.
- C. Observing how the children interact with both their mother and with each other.
- D. Arranging for the family members to attend age-appropriate grief management groups.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because arranging for the family members to attend age-appropriate grief management groups aligns with the goal of assessing and addressing the family's mental health needs following a significant loss. This approach recognizes the impact of the father's death on the children and the mother, providing them with support and coping strategies. It acknowledges the importance of addressing grief and promoting healthy coping mechanisms within the family unit.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not directly address the family's mental health needs in the context of grief and loss. Assessing the mother's ability to provide physical care, encouraging discussions with teachers, and observing interactions are important but do not specifically target the emotional and psychological impact of the father's death on the family.
A new patient in an alcoholism rehabilitation program says, 'I’m just a social drinker. I usually have a drink or two at brunch, a few cocktails in the afternoon, wine at dinner, and a few drinks in the evening.' Which response by the nurse will help the patient view the drinking more honestly?
- A. I see,' and use interested silence.
- B. I think you may be drinking more than you report.'
- C. Being a social drinker involves having a drink or two once or twice a week.'
- D. You describe drinking steadily throughout the day and evening. Am I correct?'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: The nurse needs to provide a reflection that highlights the patient's patterns of drinking.
Step 2: Option D reflects the patient's drinking pattern accurately and objectively.
Step 3: By repeating the patient's own words back to them, the nurse helps the patient see the extent of their drinking.
Step 4: This response encourages the patient to reflect on their alcohol consumption more honestly.
Step 5: Option D is correct as it addresses the patient's behavior directly and prompts self-reflection.
Summary:
- Option A is passive and does not challenge the patient's perception.
- Option B is confrontational and may lead to defensiveness.
- Option C provides a generalized definition of social drinking, not addressing the patient's specific behavior.
At this stage the group members will begin to develop a feeling of group cohesion and identity:
- A. Forming
- B. Storming
- C. Norming
- D. Performing
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Norming (Tuckman) fosters cohesion and a unified group identity through shared norms.
How may a physician maintain rapport with a patient and his/her family after gaining their consent?
- A. Provide information about a patient's status when convenient
- B. Alternate with a qualified nurse in seeing the patient and family
- C. Always use proper medical jargon to reflect personal proficiency
- D. Set goals that focus on the patient and are understandable to the family
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clear, patient-focused goals sustain trust and communication.
Which of the following services would be especially helpful for terminally ill Muslim patients?
- A. Referring the patient for additional tests
- B. Negotiating a plan for outside visitors, especially the Imam
- C. Providing patients with motivational pamphlets
- D. Serving regular hospital meals
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Facilitating Imam visits supports spiritual needs, crucial for Muslim patients at end-of-life.