Nokea
The clinic nurse is preparing a plan of care for a
- A. What role The clinic nurse should recognize what type of will the nurse have in implementing a behavioral therapy incontinence? approach?
- B. Stress incontinence
- C. Provide medication teaching related to
- D. Reflex incontinence pseudoephedrine sulfat
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the clinic nurse needs to recognize the role they will have in implementing a behavioral therapy approach for incontinence. This involves assessing, planning, implementing, and evaluating the behavioral interventions to help manage the condition effectively. Choice B is incorrect as it only identifies a type of incontinence without addressing the nurse's role in care. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on medication teaching, which is not related to behavioral therapy. Choice D is incorrect as it specifically mentions a medication, pseudoephedrine sulfate, which is not relevant to implementing a behavioral therapy approach.
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Furosemide acts by inhibiting the following in the renal tubular cell: *
- A. Na +K + ATPase
- B. Na +/Cl - transporter
- C. Na +K +/ 2Cl - transporter
- D. Na +H + antiporter
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Furosemide inhibits the Na+K+/2Cl- transporter in the renal tubular cell. This transporter is responsible for reabsorbing sodium, potassium, and chloride ions from the urine back into the bloodstream. By inhibiting this transporter, furosemide prevents the reabsorption of these ions, leading to increased excretion of water and electrolytes, thereby promoting diuresis. Na+K+ ATPase (A) is not the target of furosemide. Na+/Cl- transporter (B) is not the primary mechanism of action for furosemide. Na+H+ antiporter (D) is not the target of furosemide in the renal tubular cell.
Which of the following antibiotics is considered safe to use in newborn * babies?
- A. Chloramphenicol
- B. Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
- C. Teracyclines
- D. Ampicillin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Ampicillin. Ampicillin is considered safe for use in newborn babies because it is a commonly used antibiotic in neonates and has a favorable safety profile. It is effective against a wide range of bacteria commonly found in newborns. Chloramphenicol (A) can cause serious side effects like gray baby syndrome. Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole (B) is not recommended in newborns due to potential risks. Tetracyclines (C) can lead to tooth discoloration and bone growth inhibition in newborns.
Which of the following anti-HIV regimen that is generally reserved for * advanced cases of AIDS or for repeated treatment failures?:
- A. Two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) + one protease inhibitor (PI)
- B. Three NRTIs
- C. Two NRTIs + one non-NRTI
- D. One NRTI + one non-NRTI + one PI
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) + one protease inhibitor (PI). This regimen is typically reserved for advanced cases of AIDS or repeated treatment failures due to its potent antiviral effects. NRTIs inhibit viral replication by interfering with the HIV enzyme reverse transcriptase, while PIs inhibit the enzyme protease, essential for viral maturation. Combining these two classes of drugs provides a strong barrier against HIV resistance. Other choices (B, C, D) are less effective in advanced cases as they do not provide the same level of dual inhibition necessary to combat resistant strains and advanced disease progression.
In planning care for Mrs. T., the nurse must recognize that slowed metabolism will also result in
- A. nausea
- B. oily hair
- C. tachycardia
- D. constipation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: constipation. Slowed metabolism can lead to decreased gastrointestinal motility, resulting in constipation. This occurs because the digestive system processes food more slowly, leading to less frequent bowel movements. Nausea (choice A) is more commonly associated with gastrointestinal issues or medication side effects. Oily hair (choice B) is typically related to hormonal imbalances or poor hygiene. Tachycardia (choice C) is an increased heart rate that is not directly linked to slowed metabolism.
Which of the following statement(s) about metronidazole is correct?:
- A. It is a first line drug for amoebic dysentery as well as amoebic liver abscess
- B. It is activated nitro intermediates bind DNA and inhibit anaerobe replication
- C. It is the most effective drug in eradicating amoebic cysts from the colon
- D. (a) and (b) are correct
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because both statements (A and B) are accurate.
A: Metronidazole is a first-line drug for amoebic dysentery and liver abscess due to its efficacy against Entamoeba histolytica.
B: Metronidazole is a prodrug that gets activated to form nitro intermediates, which bind DNA and disrupt anaerobic microbial replication.
Therefore, option D is correct as both A and B provide accurate information about metronidazole. Option C is incorrect as metronidazole is not specifically targeted to eradicating amoebic cysts from the colon.