Nokea
The emergency department (ED) manager is reviewing client charts to determine how well the staff perform when treating clients with community-acquired pneumonia. What outcome demonstrates that goals for this client type have been met?
- A. Antibiotics started before admission.
- B. Blood cultures obtained within 20 minutes.
- C. Chest x-ray obtained within 30 minutes.
- D. Pulse oximetry obtained on all clients.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Antibiotics started before admission. This outcome demonstrates that the staff are meeting the goal for treating clients with community-acquired pneumonia because timely administration of antibiotics is crucial in managing this condition effectively. Starting antibiotics promptly helps to reduce the spread of infection and improve patient outcomes.
Blood cultures obtained within 20 minutes (B) is important for diagnosing the specific pathogen causing pneumonia but does not directly reflect the treatment goal achievement. Chest x-ray within 30 minutes (C) is essential for diagnosis but does not indicate treatment success. Pulse oximetry on all clients (D) is important for monitoring oxygen levels but does not directly show if the treatment goal for pneumonia has been met.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse doing rounds at the beginning of a shift notices a sputum specimen in a container sitting on the bedside table in a patient's room. The nurse asks the patient when he produced the sputum specimen and he states that the specimen is about 4 hours old. What action should the nurse take?
- A. Immediately take the sputum specimen to the laboratory.
- B. Discard the specimen and assist the patient in obtaining another specimen.
- C. Refrigerate the sputum specimen and submit it once it is chilled.
- D. Add a small amount of normal saline to moisten the specimen.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Discard the specimen and assist the patient in obtaining another specimen. It is important to discard the sputum specimen because it has been sitting for 4 hours, which could lead to contamination and inaccurate test results. The nurse should assist the patient in obtaining a fresh specimen to ensure accurate testing.
Choice A is incorrect because taking the old specimen to the lab could lead to inaccurate results. Choice C is incorrect because refrigerating the old specimen won't prevent contamination. Choice D is incorrect because adding saline to the old specimen can alter its composition and lead to inaccurate test results.
If the CO2 concentration in the blood increases, the breathing shall
- A. Increase
- B. Decrease
- C. Stop
- D. No affect
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When CO2 concentration in the blood increases, it leads to respiratory acidosis, causing the body to increase breathing rate to expel excess CO2 and restore pH balance. This increase in breathing helps eliminate CO2 through exhalation, thus the correct answer is A.
Choice B is incorrect because an increase in CO2 concentration triggers an increase in breathing to remove the excess CO2, not decrease it.
Choice C is incorrect because stopping breathing would be life-threatening and is not a physiological response to high CO2 levels.
Choice D is incorrect because an increase in CO2 concentration does have an effect on breathing rate to maintain homeostasis.
Apart from its role in acid-base balance
- A. what other function is associated with carbonic anhydrase in the gastrointestinal tract?
- B. Protein digestion
- C. Lipid absorption
- D. Starch breakdown
Correct Answer: d
Rationale: Rationale:
Carbonic anhydrase in the gastrointestinal tract catalyzes the conversion of carbon dioxide and water to bicarbonate and protons. This reaction helps maintain pH balance in the gut. Starch breakdown is not directly associated with carbonic anhydrase. Protein digestion is primarily carried out by proteases, and lipid absorption involves enzymes like lipase. These functions are not directly related to carbonic anhydrase in the gastrointestinal tract. Thus, the correct answer is D: Starch breakdown.
A nurse educator is reviewing the implications of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve with regard to the case of a current patient. The patient currently has normal hemoglobin levels, but significantly decreased SaO2 and PaO2 levels. What is an implication of this physiological state?
- A. The patient's tissue demands may be met, but she will be unable to respond to physiological stressors.
- B. The patient's short-term oxygen needs will be met, but she will be unable to expel sufficient CO2.
- C. The patient will experience tissue hypoxia with no sensation of shortness of breath or labored breathing.
- D. The patient will experience respiratory alkalosis with no ability to compensate.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because even though the patient has normal hemoglobin levels, the significantly decreased SaO2 and PaO2 levels indicate that the hemoglobin is not effectively carrying oxygen to the tissues. This leads to a situation where the tissue demands for oxygen may be met at baseline, but the patient will be unable to respond to physiological stressors that require increased oxygen delivery.
Choice B is incorrect because it focuses on short-term oxygen needs and CO2 expulsion, which are not directly related to the implications of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve in this case.
Choice C is incorrect because decreased SaO2 and PaO2 levels would lead to tissue hypoxia, which would likely result in sensations of shortness of breath or labored breathing as the body tries to compensate for the lack of oxygen.
Choice D is incorrect because decreased PaO2 levels would not lead to respiratory alkalosis. The body would likely try to compensate by increasing respiratory rate to improve oxygenation.
Which intervention for airway management should you delegate to the nursing assistant?
- A. Assist client to sit up on side of bed.
- B. Instruct client to cough effectively.
- C. Teach client to use incentive spirometry.
- D. Auscultate breath sounds every 4 hours.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Assisting the client to sit up is a basic intervention suitable for a nursing assistant. Instructing effective coughing (B) and teaching incentive spirometry (C) require more skill. Auscultating breath sounds (D) is outside the scope of practice for a nursing assistant.