Nokea
The etiology of the flu epidemic of 1918 remains unknown to this day. What does the word "etiology" refer to in this context?
- A. Pathology
- B. Transmission
- C. Cause
- D. Mortality rate
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The term 'etiology' refers to the cause or origin of a disease. In the context of the 1918 flu epidemic, understanding its etiology involves identifying the primary cause behind its occurrence. Pathology deals with the study of diseases, transmission relates to how diseases spread, and mortality rate measures deaths caused by a disease. However, none of these directly address the fundamental cause of the epidemic. Therefore, the correct answer is 'C: Cause.'
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What is the name of the group of medications that would be used for the treatment of constipation?
- A. Lavage
- B. Lanugo
- C. Latissimus dorsi
- D. Laxative
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct term is 'Laxative.' Laxatives are medications specifically used to relieve constipation by either stimulating bowel movements or softening stool. 'Lavage,' 'Lanugo,' and 'Latissimus dorsi' are not related to the treatment of constipation. When individuals experience constipation, healthcare providers commonly recommend the use of laxatives to promote bowel movements and alleviate discomfort. It is important to differentiate these terms, as knowing the correct medication to use for constipation is essential in providing proper relief and management for patients.
What word meaning 'once a year' fits best in the sentence? The ............... family reunion picnic was held at the Jones farm instead of the county park.
- A. regular
- B. annual
- C. biennial
- D. holiday
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The word that best fits the context of the sentence is 'annual.' An 'annual' event occurs once a year, which aligns with the described family reunion picnic. 'Regular' implies frequent occurrences, 'biennial' means happening every two years, and 'holiday' refers to a celebratory day.
What are the soft spots on the head of a newborn called?
- A. Fistula
- B. Fontanel
- C. Follicle
- D. Fissure
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Fontanel. Fontanels are the soft spots on a newborn's head where the skull bones have not yet fused, allowing for easier passage through the birth canal and room for the baby's brain to grow. These areas are important for monitoring a baby's development and can help indicate signs of dehydration or other health issues. A fistula is an abnormal passage that forms between two organs. Follicle refers to a small cavity containing a hair root. A fissure is a long, narrow opening or line of breakage in the bone or tissue, not related to the soft spots found on a newborn's head.
What does exploratory surgery mean?
- A. To reduce scar tissue in the area
- B. To investigate the patient's complaint
- C. To extract a diseased organ
- D. To repair a torn ligament or vessel
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Exploratory surgery is performed to investigate a patient's complaint or condition further when the diagnosis is unclear. It involves visual examination and sometimes taking biopsies to determine the cause of the symptoms. This type of surgery helps the healthcare team make an accurate diagnosis and plan appropriate treatment.
Select the meaning of the highlighted word in this sentence: Wracked by abdominal pain, the victim of food poisoning moaned and rubbed his *distended* belly.
- A. concave
- B. sore
- C. swollen
- D. empty
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The word 'distended' in the sentence indicates that the victim's belly is swollen. When someone's belly is distended, it means it is enlarged or swollen beyond its normal size. In this context, 'swollen' is the most appropriate synonym for 'distended'. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.