Nokea
The exocrine pancreas secretes the following enzymes except:
- A. Chymotrypsinogen
- B. Prolestase
- C. Lactase
- D. Alph
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lactase. Lactase is an enzyme produced in the small intestine, not in the pancreas. The exocrine pancreas secretes digestive enzymes like chymotrypsinogen, proelastase, and lipase to aid in the digestion of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. Lactase is responsible for breaking down lactose, a sugar found in dairy products, and is produced in the small intestine. Therefore, C is the correct answer. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because chymotrypsinogen, proelastase, and alph are all enzymes produced by the pancreas to aid in digestion.
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A patient with advanced cirrhosis has a nursing diagnosis of imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to anorexia and inadequate food intake. What would be an appropriate midday snack for the patient?
- A. Peanut butter and salt-free crackers
- B. A fresh tomato sandwich with salt-free butter
- C. Popcorn with salt-free butter and herbal seasoning
- D. Canned chicken noodle soup with low-protein bread
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Peanut butter and salt-free crackers provide protein and energy, which can help address nutritional deficiencies in a patient with cirrhosis.
The carcinoid syndrome is likely to occur with carcinoid tumors:
- A. of the appendix
- B. localized to the ileum
- C. both
- D. neither
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because carcinoid syndrome can occur with carcinoid tumors of the appendix and ileum. Carcinoid tumors of the appendix can lead to carcinoid syndrome due to the release of serotonin and other vasoactive substances. Similarly, carcinoid tumors localized to the ileum can also produce these substances, leading to the development of carcinoid syndrome. Choices A and B alone are not comprehensive enough as both sites can give rise to carcinoid syndrome. Choice D is incorrect as carcinoid syndrome can indeed occur with tumors from both sites.
You are taking an initial history for a client seeking surgical treatment for obesity. Which of the following should be called to the attention of the surgeon before proceeding with additional history or physical assessment?
- A. Obesity for approximately 5 years
- B. History of counseling for body dysmorphic disorder
- C. Failure to reduce weight with other forms of therapy
- D. Body weight 100% above the ideal for age, gender, and height
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A history of body dysmorphic disorder is concerning because it may indicate unrealistic expectations or psychological concerns that need further evaluation before surgery.
The nurse is obtaining a history of a patient with hepatitis Which question is most appropriate for the nurse to ask?
- A. "If using drugs, do you share needles?"
- B. "Do you always practice safe sex?"
- C. "You traveled to Canada in the last month?"
- D. "Do you eat shellfish often?"
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because hepatitis can be transmitted through contaminated food or water, including shellfish. Asking about shellfish consumption helps assess the risk of exposure to hepatitis. Choice A is more relevant for HIV transmission. Choice B focuses on STDs. Choice C is not directly related to hepatitis transmission.
The salivary gland which is mixed but produces more serous than mucous secretions and whose duct opens inferiorly in the floor of the oral cavity next to the frenulum of the tongue is the ______ salivary gland.
- A. submandibular
- B. sublingual
- C. palatine
- D. parotid
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: submandibular gland. This gland is mixed but predominantly serous, with a duct opening in the oral cavity floor near the frenulum of the tongue. The sublingual gland (B) is primarily mucous, not mixed. Palatine glands (C) are located in the roof of the mouth and are minor salivary glands. The parotid gland (D) is serous but opens into the oral cavity through the parotid duct, not near the frenulum.