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The following are examples of suggestions for innovation in health care as identified by Indigenous leaders, health leaders, and primary health care (PHC) physicians and nurses in Alberta.
- A. Involve Indigenous elders in the reduction of violence
- B. Monitor disease outbreaks in Indigenous communities
- C. Create Indigenous electronic health records
- D. Provide education on chronic disease
- E. Use telehealth to link Indigenous patients to elders
- F. Create a coherent model for engagement and outreach
- G. Increase funding for travel to health services
Correct Answer: A,E,F
Rationale: Suggestions for innovation identified by Indigenous leaders, provincial health system leaders, and PHC physicians and nurses in Alberta include having a coherent model for community engagement and outreach; learning from the success of others, such as the reduction in violence through the involvement of elders; and using technology, such as telehealth, to link Indigenous patients to elders for support on their healing journey.
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Which one of the following is an example of a primary health care (PHC) strategy in Canada?
- A. Developing innovative technology for monitoring the costs of medications
- B. Establishing telephone-based health information systems
- C. Creating new point of care documentation systems
- D. Funding for acute care in patient services
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Examples of PHC strategies in Canada include developing nurse practitioner legislation, creating community health centres and shared care models, establishing telephone-based health information systems, and creating electronic health records.
Which of the following reasons has been cited as reasons nurses are in a key position to advocate for policies that influence health?
- A. Nurses have a labour of organizations to negotiate with
- B. Nurses represent the largest group of health care providers.
- C. Nurses are far removed from observing how policies influence health.
- D. Nurses need to acquire new roles as the traditional ones are depleted.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nurses are in a key position to advocate for policies that influence health because they observe firsthand how policies influence health, they are the largest group of health care providers, and they are organized into professional and labour organizations.
In which year was universal health care insurance introduced in Canada?
- A. 1960
- B. 1966
- C. 1968
- D. 1972
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Universal health care insurance was introduced in Canada in 1966.
It has been suggested that the primary health care (PHC) principle of accessibility needs to be expanded beyond its conventional meaning of access to include which one of the following?
- A. Care services related to behavioural determinants of health
- B. Medical, dental, and alternative health care providers
- C. All people in Canada, regardless of citizenship
- D. A consideration of two-thirds health care system to help fund the PHC philosophy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: It has been suggested that the PHC principle of accessibility needs to be expanded beyond its conventional meaning of access to health care services to include the social, economic, environmental, and behavioural determinants of health.
From the time of its introduction, primary health care (PHC) was conceptualized as which type of model?
- A. Theoretical model
- B. Social justice model
- C. Resource allocation model
- D. Needs-based assessment model
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: From the beginning, primary health care was conceptualized as a social justice model.