Nokea
The following class of drugs may be used to treat Parkinsonian syndrome arising from the use of phenothiazines:
- A. Nicotinic receptor antagonists
- B. Muscarinic receptor antagonists
- C. Adrenoceptor antagonists
- D. Anticholinesterases
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Antimuscarinics (e.g., benztropine) relieve parkinsonism from phenothiazines.
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The client with acute myelocytic leukemia is being treated with busulfan (Myleran). Which laboratory value would the nurse specifically monitor during treatment with this medication?
- A. Clotting time
- B. Uric acid level
- C. Potassium level
- D. Blood glucose level
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Busulfan (Myleran) can cause an increase in the uric acid level. Hyperuricemia can produce uric acid nephropathy, renal stones, and acute renal failure. Options 1, 3, and 4 are not specifically related to this medication.
Fasting for an extended period can:
- A. Increase drug absorption due to lack of competition between food and the drug
- B. Alter the pH of the gastrointestinal tract, affecting absorption
- C. Cause vasoconstriction, leading to decreased drug absorption
- D. Shrink the stomach, causing decreased surface area for drug absorption
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fasting increases absorption of some drugs by eliminating food-related delays in gastric emptying and competition for absorption.
Genetic testing for VCORC1 mutation to assess potential warfarin resistance is required prior to prescribing warfarin.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: VCORC1 testing is recommended but not required before prescribing warfarin; it's optional to guide dosing.
Which of the following is the indication for glucocorticoid prescribing?
- A. Cataract
- B. Prevention of respiratory distress
- C. Hypofunction of thyroid gland
- D. Hypocalcemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glucocorticoids prevent respiratory distress, such as in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.
Select the first choice drug for acute gout:
- A. Colchicine
- B. Indomethacin
- C. Allopurinol
- D. Dexamethasone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Indomethacin, an NSAID, is the first-line treatment for acute gout due to its rapid anti-inflammatory action; colchicine is an alternative, while allopurinol is for prophylaxis.