Nokea
The Freudian explanation of anxiety disorders emphasizes
- A. the avoidance paradox
- B. learned habits of self-defeating behavior
- C. forbidden impulses that threaten a loss of control
- D. the development of a faulty or inaccurate self-image and distorted self-perceptions
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Freud viewed anxiety as stemming from repressed impulses threatening to surface, disrupting control.
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For those family members who desire to care at home for loved ones who have been given a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, it is important for the nurse to ensure that the family is aware of which caregiver skills and responsibilities will be necessary. What is one of the responsibilities of the caregiver during the middle stage of the disease?
- A. Helping the loved one with memory and communication problems.
- B. Providing a stable, routine environment.
- C. Providing complete assistance with physical care.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale:
1. During the middle stage of Alzheimer's disease, individuals often experience memory and communication problems.
2. Caregivers need to assist with memory tasks and facilitate effective communication.
3. Helping the loved one with memory and communication problems is crucial for their well-being and quality of life.
4. This responsibility helps maintain a sense of connection and understanding between the caregiver and the individual with Alzheimer's.
Summary:
- Option A is correct as it aligns with the specific needs of individuals in the middle stage of Alzheimer's.
- Option B is incorrect as providing a stable, routine environment is more relevant in the early stages.
- Option C is incorrect as complete assistance with physical care is more common in the later stages.
- Option D is incorrect as caregiver responsibilities are essential in all stages of the disease.
A nurse is caring for a patient with bulimia nervosa who has not eaten for 24 hours. The nurse should first:
- A. Encourage the patient to eat a full meal immediately.
- B. Assess the patient's vital signs and hydration status.
- C. Provide the patient with a menu to select food for the next meal.
- D. Contact the physician for a medication prescription.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because assessing vital signs and hydration status is crucial in identifying potential complications from prolonged fasting in a patient with bulimia nervosa. This step helps determine the patient's immediate needs for intervention and guides further care planning. Encouraging the patient to eat a full meal immediately (Choice A) may lead to refeeding syndrome due to electrolyte imbalances. Providing a menu for the next meal (Choice C) is not the priority when the patient has not eaten for 24 hours. Contacting the physician for a medication prescription (Choice D) is not necessary at this point without first assessing the patient's current physical status.
A client, age 34, has been physically abused by her husband five times during the past 2 years. During her last discussion with the nurse, the client stated, 'I probably should not keep going back to him.' The nurse is aware that the final decision to leave a batterer:
- A. Is complex and may take time.
- B. Should be made immediately.
- C. Is the responsibility of the nurse.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Is complex and may take time. The nurse understands that leaving an abusive relationship is a complex process that may take time. The client's statement of awareness indicates progress, but making the final decision to leave a batterer involves various factors such as safety planning, emotional readiness, and support systems. Choice B is incorrect as immediate decision-making can be dangerous without proper planning. Choice C is incorrect as the nurse's role is to support and empower the client but not make decisions for them. Choice D is incorrect as leaving an abuser is a personal decision that requires careful consideration.
A victim of spousal abuse comes to the emergency department for treatment of a broken arm. She appears hypervigilant and anxious and admits to sleep disturbance when the nurse questions the dark circles under her eyes. She reluctantly tells the nurse the abuse usually occurs when the husband has been drinking, although she concedes he is always jealous and controlling. She is a stay-at-home mother of two preschool children. The family has lived in this town for 1 month. The patient states she has fleetingly considered suicide but must stay alive to care for her children and work her way out of the abusive relationship. She denies any further suicidal thoughts. The nurse should document in the medical record that: (Select all that apply.)
- A. Signs of high anxiety and chronic stress are present.
- B. The patient relies on the perpetrator for basic needs.
- C. The patient has a history of suicidal ideation.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Signs of high anxiety and chronic stress are present.
Rationale:
1. The patient displaying hypervigilance, anxiety, sleep disturbances, and dark circles under her eyes are indicators of high anxiety and chronic stress, common in victims of abuse.
2. Mentioning abuse occurring when the husband drinks, his jealousy, and control further support the presence of chronic stress and anxiety.
3. The patient's fleeting suicidal thoughts are a response to the abusive situation, not indicative of a history of suicidal ideation.
Summary:
B: The patient relying on the perpetrator for basic needs is not supported by the information provided.
C: There is no indication of a history of suicidal ideation, as the patient's thoughts are tied to her children and escaping the abusive relationship.
Marie is 16 years old. She has been referred to the clinic by the nurse at her school because she started a fight with a younger girl and hurt her badly. The school nurse reports that Marie has been troublesome beforeskipping school, bullying, and smoking on school grounds on several occasions. Of the following, which diagnosis is most likely?
- A. Bipolar depression
- B. Paranoid schizophrenia
- C. Conduct disorder
- D. Dysthymic disorder
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Conduct disorder is characterized by a pattern of aggressive behavior and violating the rights of others, including defiance and rule breaking. The other responses are psychiatric disorders that would not be the most likely diagnosis given Maries behavior.