Nokea
The function of tracheal cilia is to
- A. Pass mucus out
- B. Pass mucus in
- C. Pass air out
- D. Pass air out
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pass mucus out. Tracheal cilia help move mucus, which contains dust, debris, and pathogens, out of the respiratory tract to prevent infections and maintain clear airways. This process is known as mucociliary clearance. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because tracheal cilia do not pass mucus in, pass air out, or pass air in. Tracheal cilia specifically function to clear mucus out of the respiratory tract.
You may also like to solve these questions
A 92-year-old female patient is being admitted to the emergency department with severe shortness of breath. Being aware of the patient’s condition, what approach should the nurse use to assess the patient’s lungs?
- A. Apex to base
- B. Base to apex
- C. Lateral sequence
- D. Anterior then posterior
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In a patient with severe shortness of breath, the nurse should assess the lungs using a posterior to anterior approach to minimize discomfort and optimize assessment in compromised patients.
smoking is one of the cause of
- A. hypoxia
- B. cancer
- C. emphysema
- D. macrosis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: emphysema. Smoking is a leading cause of emphysema due to the damage it causes to the air sacs in the lungs. This damage leads to decreased lung function, shortness of breath, and other respiratory problems. Hypoxia (choice A) is a condition of low oxygen levels in tissues, not directly caused by smoking. Cancer (choice B) is also linked to smoking, but emphysema is specifically associated with lung damage. Macrosis (choice D) is not a recognized medical condition related to smoking or any other factor.
The chloride shift occurs in order to
- A. force oxygen out of the blood and into tissues
- B. transport bicarbonate ions into the blood plasma
- C. produce salt for the cytosol of blood cells
- D. produce carbonic acid
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the chloride shift occurs to transport bicarbonate ions into the blood plasma. This process helps maintain acid-base balance in the body by exchanging chloride ions for bicarbonate ions to regulate pH levels. Choice A is incorrect as the chloride shift is not related to forcing oxygen into tissues. Choice C is incorrect as the chloride shift does not produce salt for the cytosol of blood cells. Choice D is incorrect as the chloride shift does not directly produce carbonic acid but rather helps in maintaining the balance of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate ions.
Which of the following conditions is evident by persistent hoarseness?
- A. Bacterial infection
- B. Laryngeal cancer
- C. Aphonia
- D. Peritonsillar abscess
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Persistent hoarseness is a hallmark symptom of laryngeal cancer. A (bacterial infection) may cause temporary hoarseness but not persistent. C (aphonia) refers to complete loss of voice, not hoarseness. D (peritonsillar abscess) affects the throat but does not typically cause persistent hoarseness.
Which vertebrate body system is most closely associated functionally with respiration?
- A. urinary
- B. digestive
- C. endocrine
- D. circulatory
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: circulatory system. This system is most closely associated with respiration as it transports oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues and removes carbon dioxide. The circulatory system includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The other choices (A: urinary, B: digestive, C: endocrine) are not directly involved in the process of respiration and do not play a significant role in the exchange of gases in the body.