Nokea
The gross structure of the kidney is divided into 3 parts. In which part do the Bowman's capsules lie?
- A. Cortex
- B. Medulla
- C. Pelvis
- D. Capsule
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bowman's capsules, part of the nephron, are located in the renal cortex.
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Submandibular gland following is true except:
- A. Has thick capsule & thin septa
- B. Formed mainly of serous acini
- C. Has no striated ducts
- D. Secrete 70% of salivary secretion
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The submandibular gland has prominent striated ducts, like other major salivary glands.
The small intestine of a person contains a lower concentration of glucose than is present in the blood. The cells of the villi absorb glucose. By which process is the glucose absorbed?
- A. by active transport against the concentration gradient
- B. by active transport down the concentration gradient
- C. by diffusion against the concentration gradient
- D. by diffusion down the concentration gradient
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Glucose absorption in the small intestine occurs through active transport, particularly when the concentration of glucose is higher in the blood than in the intestine. This requires energy to move glucose against its concentration gradient.
Homeostasis has 3 parts. What is the general term for the 1st?
- A. Controller
- B. Effector
- C. Receptor
- D. Transporter
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Receptors detect changes in the internal environment as the first step in homeostasis.
Pancreatic juice contains a protein-splitting enzyme called:
- A. trypsin
- B. zymogen
- C. pepsin
- D. amylase
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Trypsin is a pancreatic enzyme that digests proteins.
Match: Villi
- A. projections in the small intestine that absorb nutrients
- B. storage structures
- C. enzyme producers
- D. muscular layers
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Villi are finger-like projections in the small intestine that increase surface area for efficient nutrient absorption.