Nokea
The helmet-like region of the sperm that is similar to a large lysosome and assists penetration of the egg is called the ________.
- A. flagellum
- B. midpiece
- C. spermatid
- D. acrosome
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: acrosome. The acrosome is a specialized organelle in the sperm head that contains enzymes necessary for penetrating the egg during fertilization. It releases these enzymes to help the sperm penetrate the egg's protective outer layer. The flagellum (choice A) is the tail of the sperm that provides motility. The midpiece (choice B) contains mitochondria for energy production. Spermatid (choice C) is an immature sperm cell formed during spermatogenesis.
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What area experiences the greatest changes in a menstrual cycle?
- A. vagina
- B. perimetrium
- C. cervix
- D. endometrium
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: endometrium. The endometrium undergoes the most significant changes during the menstrual cycle. It thickens and sheds in response to hormonal changes for potential implantation of a fertilized egg. The vagina (A), perimetrium (B), and cervix (C) do not experience the same level of cyclic changes as the endometrium. The vagina is primarily a passageway, the perimetrium is the outer layer of the uterus, and the cervix mainly functions as an opening to the uterus. Therefore, the endometrium is the area that experiences the greatest changes in a menstrual cycle due to its role in preparing for possible pregnancy and shedding if implantation does not occur.
Mrs. Smith says to her nurse, 'I don't know why I just can't have the lump removed and go home.' The best response from the nurse would be which of the following?
- A. That sounds good to me.'
- B. Do you remember the doctor told you further treatment is indicated after the lump is removed?'
- C. I think mastectomy is the safest option.'
- D. Don't you think that's quite a gamble?'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reminding the patient of the doctor's advice regarding further treatment is informative and supportive.
In male embryos, which hormone is responsible for the development of the urethra, prostate, and external genitals?
- A. dihydrotestosterone (DHT)
- B. FSH
- C. Progesterone
- D. Estrogen
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: dihydrotestosterone (DHT). DHT is a potent form of testosterone responsible for male sexual development, including the formation of the urethra, prostate, and external genitals. It binds to androgen receptors in target tissues, promoting their growth and differentiation. FSH (Choice B) is follicle-stimulating hormone, which primarily regulates sperm production in males. Progesterone (Choice C) is a female sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. Estrogen (Choice D) is a female sex hormone responsible for female reproductive development. Thus, A is the correct answer as it specifically pertains to male sexual differentiation.
Elbow, knee are _____ type of joints
- A. Ball-an
- B. socket
- C. Hinge
- D. Pivot
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hinge. Elbow and knee joints are classified as hinge joints because they primarily allow movement in one plane, similar to a door hinge. These joints enable flexion and extension movements, which are characteristic of hinge joints. The other choices (A: Ball-and-socket, B: Socket, D: Pivot) do not accurately describe the structure and function of the elbow and knee joints. Ball-and-socket joints allow for a wider range of motion in multiple directions, sockets are components of ball-and-socket joints, and pivot joints allow rotational movement around a central axis, none of which align with the movement pattern of the elbow and knee joints. Therefore, the correct classification for elbow and knee joints is hinge joints due to their specific range of motion.
Mrs. Kwame is scheduled for a hysterectomy for stage III cancer of the cervix. What information will help her request appropriate p.r.n. pain medication?
- A. Understanding prescribed drug action
- B. Support and reassurance from the nurse
- C. The nurse's beliefs and preferences regarding use of narcotics
- D. Prescribed medication should be administered freely during the first 24 hours postoperatively
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Understanding how prescribed drugs work helps patients manage pain effectively.