Nokea
The _____ is the space between the labia minor.
- A. vulva
- B. vestibule
- C. vaginal orifice
- D. pudendal cleft
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: vestibule. The vestibule is the space between the labia minora, housing the openings of the urethra and vagina. It is a specific anatomical term that describes this precise area. The other choices, A: vulva refers to the external female genitalia as a whole, C: vaginal orifice specifically denotes the opening of the vagina, and D: pudendal cleft is a term not commonly used in anatomy to describe this specific space. Therefore, B is the correct answer as it accurately describes the anatomical structure in question.
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The spermatozoon contains:
- A. 11 pairs of somatic chromosomes;
- B. one sexual chromosome;
- C. the X sex chromosome;
- D. the Y sex chromosome;
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the spermatozoon contains the Y sex chromosome, determining male characteristics. Sperm cells are haploid and carry only one set of chromosomes, including either an X or Y sex chromosome. The presence of the Y chromosome leads to the development of male offspring. Choice A is incorrect as sperm cells do not contain somatic chromosomes. Choice B is incorrect as sperm cells contain one pair of sex chromosomes, not just one. Choice C is incorrect because sperm cells can carry either the X or Y sex chromosome, not specifically the X chromosome.
Which hormone thickens the lining of the uterus?
- A. FSH
- B. estrogen
- C. LH
- D. progesterone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: estrogen. Estrogen is responsible for thickening the lining of the uterus during the menstrual cycle in preparation for implantation of a fertilized egg. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles. Luteinizing hormone (LH) triggers ovulation. Progesterone helps maintain the uterine lining during the second half of the menstrual cycle. Estrogen plays a key role in the initial thickening of the uterine lining, making it the correct choice.
People lacking melanocytes are deaf. These cells function as part of:
- A. Hair cells
- B. modiolus
- C. spiral limbus
- D. stria vascularis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: stria vascularis. Melanocytes are present in the stria vascularis of the cochlea, which is essential for maintaining the endocochlear potential and supporting the function of the hair cells. Without melanocytes, the stria vascularis cannot maintain the proper ion balance necessary for hearing, leading to deafness.
A: Hair cells are responsible for converting sound vibrations into electrical signals and are not directly related to melanocytes.
B: The modiolus is a bony structure in the cochlea that houses the spiral ganglion, which transmits signals from the hair cells to the brain. It is not directly involved with melanocytes.
C: The spiral limbus is a structure in the cochlea that supports the organ of Corti and is not directly related to melanocytes.
Two inner folds, or ___________ minora, cover and protect the vaginal opening
- A. uterus
- B. fallopian tubes
- C. labia
- D. vagina
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: labia. The labia minora are two inner folds that cover and protect the vaginal opening. This is because the labia minora are part of the external female genitalia and specifically designed to provide protection to the vaginal opening.
A: Uterus - Incorrect. The uterus is a separate organ and is not involved in covering or protecting the vaginal opening.
B: Fallopian tubes - Incorrect. The fallopian tubes are part of the reproductive system but are not located near the vaginal opening or involved in its protection.
D: Vagina - Incorrect. While the vagina is connected to the vaginal opening, it is not the structure that directly covers and protects it.
Women infected with human papilloma virus (HPV) are at risk for which of the following?
- A. Uterine fibroids
- B. Cervical cancer
- C. Ovarian cysts
- D. Hemorrhagic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: HPV infection is a significant risk factor for developing cervical cancer.