Nokea
The limitation of psychoanalytic theory is
- A. Time consuming
- B. Lack of scientific evidence
- C. Difficult to test
- D. All of these
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Psychoanalysis (Freud) is critiqued for all these reasons.
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A patient who was admitted for a heroin overdose received naloxone (Narcan), which improved the breathing pattern. Two hours later, the patient reports muscle aches, abdominal cramps, gooseflesh and says, 'I feel terrible.' Which analysis is correct?
- A. The patient is exhibiting a prodromal symptom of seizures.
- B. An idiosyncratic reaction to naloxone is occurring.
- C. Symptoms of opiate withdrawal are present.
- D. The patient is experiencing a relapse.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct analysis is C: Symptoms of opiate withdrawal are present. The patient's presentation of muscle aches, abdominal cramps, gooseflesh, and feeling terrible are classic symptoms of opiate withdrawal. Naloxone, as an opioid antagonist, reversed the effects of heroin leading to withdrawal symptoms. This is a typical response seen in patients who have been given naloxone to counteract opioid overdose. Choices A and B are incorrect as they do not align with the patient's clinical presentation and pharmacological understanding. Choice D is also incorrect as there is no indication that the patient has resumed heroin use.
Which statement best demonstrates that the nurse understands the benefit of the effective introduction of evidence-based practice into the practice of professional nursing?
- A. Evidence-based practice has made consistency of nursing care easier to assure for clients diagnosed with chronic depression.'
- B. I'm going to suggest that one of our in-services this year deals with the current evidence-based practice in managing obsessive-compulsive-related anxiety.'
- C. Professional nursing has benefited tremendously from the introduction of evidence-based practice to nursing students.'
- D. It's been my experience that atypical antipsychotic medications are very therapeutic but I wonder what the literature says.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it demonstrates the nurse's understanding of evidence-based practice by acknowledging the importance of consulting literature to guide practice decisions. By mentioning the need to check the literature on atypical antipsychotic medications, the nurse shows a commitment to using research evidence to inform their practice. This aligns with the core principle of evidence-based practice, which emphasizes integrating the best available evidence with clinical expertise and patient preferences.
Choice A is incorrect as it focuses on the outcome of evidence-based practice rather than the process of utilizing evidence in decision-making. Choice B is incorrect as it mentions suggesting in-services on evidence-based practice but does not directly show the nurse's understanding of the concept. Choice C is incorrect as it talks about the benefits to nursing students, rather than the application of evidence-based practice in professional nursing practice.
Self-efficacy is influence by:
- A. Encouragement
- B. Discouragement
- C. Both a and b
- D. None
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Self-efficacy is shaped by both encouragement and discouragement (verbal persuasion), per Bandura.
The psychosexual stage associated with exploration is
- A. Oral
- B. Anal
- C. Phallic
- D. Genital
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The oral stage (birth-1 year) involves exploration through the mouth (Freud).
The psychiatric nurse best demonstrates an understanding of the general health challenges facing a mentally ill client who reports auditory hallucinations when asking:
- A. When did you first start hearing voices?'
- B. What did you have to eat last night for supper?'
- C. May I have your permission to take your blood pressure?'
- D. Do you understand why you need to take your medication?'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because asking for permission to take the client's blood pressure demonstrates respect for their autonomy and acknowledges their physical health needs. It shows an understanding that mental illness can impact physical health and encourages holistic care. Choice A focuses on the onset of hallucinations, but does not address immediate health concerns. Choice B is unrelated to the client's health challenges. Choice D addresses medication compliance but does not directly address the client's current health status. Overall, choice C is the best option as it considers both the client's mental and physical well-being.