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The most important action in Mr. Johnson's care with possible acute myocarditis would be
- A. Placing him in a darkened room
- B. Keeping a nutritional intake record on him
- C. Keeping him on a regimen of complete bed rest
- D. Telling him not to worry, he will recover soon
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rest minimizes cardiac workload during inflammation.
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Which serum enzyme would elevate first after an infarction?
- A. Serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT)
- B. Lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH)
- C. Creatine phosphokinase isoenzymes (CPK-MB)
- D. Serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: CPK-MB rises early after MI onset.
Which of the following is an indication of an alarm sound when a client with transvenous pacemaker is on a cardiac monitor?
- A. Client's heart rate drops below the lowest level set on the alarm system.
- B. Client is confused or restless and physical movement disturbs external pacemaker.
- C. Client's heartbeat is greater than 60 beats/minute.
- D. Client's blood pressure drops below the lowest level set on the alarm system.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An alarm indicates the heart rate falling below the set limit, signaling potential pacemaker malfunction or arrhythmia.
What is a chronic lung disease that includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema?
- A. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
- B. Pneumonia
- C. Asthma
- D. Tuberculosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). COPD is a chronic lung disease characterized by chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Chronic bronchitis involves inflammation of the bronchial tubes, leading to excessive mucus production. Emphysema is the destruction of lung tissue, resulting in difficulty breathing. Pneumonia (B) is an acute infection of the lungs. Asthma (C) is a chronic condition characterized by airway inflammation and constriction. Tuberculosis (D) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis affecting the lungs. Therefore, the correct answer is A as it specifically encompasses chronic bronchitis and emphysema, distinguishing it from the other options.
Two months after Mr. Edwards' myocardial infarction, which goal assumes highest priority?
- A. Having his wife perform most of his activities of daily living
- B. Following a weight-reduction diet
- C. Developing a physical-conditioning program
- D. Assisting him to prepare for retirement
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Physical conditioning promotes long-term health.
What is a condition where the heart's valves do not function properly, leading to disrupted blood flow within the heart?
- A. Valvular heart disease
- B. Myocarditis
- C. Endocarditis
- D. Aneurysm
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Valvular heart disease. Valvular heart disease refers to conditions where the heart's valves do not function properly, leading to disrupted blood flow within the heart. This can result in symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fatigue. Myocarditis (B) is inflammation of the heart muscle, Endocarditis (C) is an infection of the inner lining of the heart, and Aneurysm (D) is a bulge in a blood vessel. These conditions do not specifically involve malfunctioning heart valves as seen in valvular heart disease.