Nokea
The nurse cautions the patient who is being instructed on self-medication with insulin to be aware that there are 25-, 30-, 50-, and 100-unit syringes. How is the 100-unit syringe marked?
- A. 1-unit increments
- B. 2-unit increments
- C. 4-unit increments
- D. 5-unit increments
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The 100-unit syringe is marked in 2-unit increments while the smaller syringes are marked in 1-unit increments.
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A 27-year-old patient with hypothyroidism is referred to the dietitian for dietary consultation. The nurse will reinforce instructions for which nutritional interventions?
- A. Frequent small meals high in carbohydrates
- B. Calorie-restricted meals
- C. Caffeine-rich beverages
- D. Fluid restrictions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A high-protein, high-fiber, lower calorie diet is given.
A patient has undergone tests that indicate a deficiency of the parathyroid hormone secretion. The nurse will inform the patient of which potential complication?
- A. Osteoporosis
- B. Lethargy
- C. Laryngeal spasms
- D. Kidney stones
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Decreased parathyroid hormone levels in the bloodstream cause a decreased calcium level. Severe hypocalcemia may result in laryngeal spasm, stridor, cyanosis, and increased possibility of asphyxia.
Another term for hyperglycemic reaction is diabetic ___
Correct Answer: ketoacidosis
Rationale: Hyperglycemic reaction-the body eliminates the excess glucose by the kidneys releasing it in the urine. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) (acidosis accompanied by an accumulation of ketones in the blood), formerly called diabetic coma, may develop and the patient could die. DKA is a severe metabolic disturbance caused by an acute insulin deficiency, decreased peripheral glucose use, and increased fat mobilization and ketogenesis.
Only ___ insulin can be administered intravenously.
Correct Answer: regular
Rationale: Insulin is given subcutaneously, although intravenous (IV) administration of regular insulin can be done when immediate onset of action is desired.
The nurse explains that the negative feedback inhibition controls hormone release by communication between which two anatomical areas?
- A. the pituitary and the target organ.
- B. the thymus and the bloodstream.
- C. lymphatic system and the target organ.
- D. central nervous system and the bloodstream.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The amount of hormone released is controlled by negative feedback inhibition. The negative feedback inhibition process is when a gland releases a primary hormone, which stimulates target cells to release a secondary hormone; the gland slows the release of the primary hormone as it senses the rise of the secondary hormone. Information is constantly being exchanged via the bloodstream between target organs and endocrine glands.