Nokea
The nurse determines that a prescribed medication has not been administered as ordered on the previous shift. What action will the nurse take?
- A. Administer the medication immediately.
- B. Complete an incident report.
- C. Notify the nurse responsible for the error.
- D. Record the occurrence in the nurse's notes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An incident report is completed when a medication error occurs. Depending on the medication and frequency of administration, the medication may not be given immediately. It is not the nurse's responsibility to notify another nurse of the error. Medication errors are not recorded in the nurse's notes.
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What medication most likely caused patient's hypoglycaemia?
- A. Acarbose
- B. Exenatide
- C. Glyburide
- D. Metformin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Glyburide, a sulfonylurea, is most likely to cause hypoglycemia due to excessive insulin release.
A patient asks the nurse, What is a Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) number? What is the nurse's best response?
- A. DEA Numbers are given to physicians and pharmacists when they register with the DEA to prescribe and dispense controlled substances.
- B. Physicians must have a DEA number in order to prescribe any type of medication for patients.
- C. DEA numbers are case numbers given when someone breaks the law involving a controlled substance.
- D. DEA numbers are contact numbers to talk with someone at the DEA when questions arise about controlled substances.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: All pharmacists and physicians must register with the DEA. They are given numbers that are required before they can dispense or prescribe controlled substances. DEA numbers are only needed when prescribing controlled substances. A DEA number is neither a case number nor a phone number.
While caring for a patient scheduled for knee replacement surgery, the nurse provides cefazolin (Ancef) as ordered 30 minutes pre-operatively. The nurse knows that teaching has been effective by which of the following client statements?
- A. The antibiotic is given as a prophylactic to help reduce the risk of infection after surgery.'
- B. This is a palliative medication to help ease the pain from surgery.'
- C. This medication will replace vitamins and minerals that may be lost due to bleeding during surgery.'
- D. This medication will help the surgeon identify areas of bone destruction due to arthritis.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cefazolin is administered pre-operatively as prophylaxis to prevent surgical site infections, aligning with standard practice and effective patient understanding.
Tick the substance which changes the activity of an effector element but doesn't belong to second messengers:
- A. cAMP
- B. cGMP
- C. G-protein
- D. Calcium ions
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: G-protein is a transducer, not a second messenger, unlike cAMP, cGMP, and calcium.
Besides osteoporosis, IV bisphosphonates are also indicated for:
- A. Paget's Disease
- B. Early osteopenia
- C. Renal cancer
- D. Early closure of cranial sutures
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: IV bisphosphonates treat Paget's disease by reducing bone turnover; osteopenia uses oral forms typically.