Quizlet Genitourinary System

Quizlet Genitourinary System Related

Review Quizlet Genitourinary System related questions and content

The nurse is aware of which statement to be true regarding the incidence of testicular cancer?

  • A. Testicular cancer is the most common cancer in men aged 30 to 50 years.
  • B. The early symptoms of testicular cancer are pain and induration.
  • C. Men with a history of cryptorchidism are at the greatest risk for the development of testicular cancer.
  • D. The cure rate for testicular cancer is low.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Men with a history of cryptorchidism are at the greatest risk for the development of testicular cancer. This is because cryptorchidism, which is the condition of undescended testicles, is a known risk factor for testicular cancer. When the testicles do not descend properly, there is an increased likelihood of cancer development. This statement is true as individuals with cryptorchidism have a higher risk of testicular cancer compared to those without this condition.

Other choices are incorrect:
A: Testicular cancer is not the most common cancer in men aged 30 to 50 years. Prostate cancer is more common in this age group.
B: The early symptoms of testicular cancer are not pain and induration. Common symptoms include painless testicular swelling or a lump.
D: The cure rate for testicular cancer is actually high, especially when detected early. This statement is incorrect.

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This drug is a pyrophosphate analog which inhibit DNA polymerase and * reverse transcriptase, is used only to treat associated cytomegalovirus infection in AIDS patient.

  • A. Acyclovir
  • B. Valacyclovir
  • C. Amantadine
  • D. Foscarnet
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Foscarnet. Foscarnet is a pyrophosphate analog that inhibits both DNA polymerase and reverse transcriptase, making it effective against cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections in AIDS patients. Acyclovir (A) and Valacyclovir (B) are antiviral drugs used for herpes infections, not CMV. Amantadine (C) is an antiviral used for influenza, not CMV. Therefore, Foscarnet is the correct choice for treating CMV in AIDS patients.

Which hormone, produced by the kidneys,

  • A. the glomerular capsule plays a role in the production of red blood
  • B. the loop of Henle cells?
  • C. pyramids of the kidney
  • D. adrenaline
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because erythropoietin, a hormone produced by the kidneys in the glomerular capsule, stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow. Choice B (the loop of Henle cells) is incorrect as they are involved in urine concentration, not hormone production. Choice C (pyramids of the kidney) is incorrect as they are structures in the kidney, not involved in hormone production. Choice D (adrenaline) is incorrect as it is produced by the adrenal glands, not the kidneys.

Which of the following anthelmintic acts as a cholinergic agonist in the * nematodes and causes spastic paralysis of the worms?:

  • A. Piperazine
  • B. Pyrantel pamoate
  • C. Mebendazole
  • D. Albendazole
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale:
1. Piperazine is the correct answer as it acts as a cholinergic agonist in nematodes, causing spastic paralysis by mimicking acetylcholine.
2. Pyrantel pamoate works by depolarizing neuromuscular junctions, not through cholinergic agonism.
3. Mebendazole and Albendazole inhibit microtubule synthesis in worms, leading to impaired glucose uptake, not cholinergic effects.

________ is not normally found in urine, and its presence may indicate a problem with the kidneys.

  • A. Albumin
  • B. Bilirubin
  • C. Ammonium
  • D. Urea
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Albumin. Albumin is a protein normally found in blood but not in urine. Its presence in urine, known as proteinuria, may indicate a problem with the kidneys such as kidney damage or dysfunction in filtering blood. Bilirubin (B) is a product of red blood cell breakdown and its presence in urine indicates liver or bile duct issues. Ammonium (C) is a normal byproduct of protein metabolism and is excreted in urine. Urea (D) is a waste product of protein metabolism and is normally found in urine.

A 23 year old pregnant woman has UTI and presents to the ER with fever, * frequency and urgency. Which of the following antibiotics can cause potential harm to her fetus?

  • A. Nitrrfurantoin
  • B. Amoxicillin
  • C. Gentamycin
  • D. Cephalexin
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Nitrofurantoin. Nitrofurantoin is contraindicated in the third trimester of pregnancy due to potential risk of hemolytic anemia in the fetus. It can also cross the placenta and reach the fetal bloodstream. Amoxicillin (B) and Cephalexin (D) are safe for use in pregnancy. Gentamycin (C) is generally not recommended during pregnancy due to potential risk of ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity but is not specifically harmful to the fetus.

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