Nokea
The nurse is caring for a client with an immunodeficiency disorder. Lab results show that the client does not have an adequate number of T lymphocytes needed to improve immune function. Which gland should be investigated for dysfunction?
- A. Thymus
- B. Parathyroid
- C. Thyroid
- D. Adrenal
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The thymus gland secretes thymosin and thymopoietin, which are essential for T lymphocyte development, critical for immune function. The parathyroid, thyroid, and adrenal glands do not directly influence T lymphocyte production.
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A group of students is reviewing for a test on hormones. The students demonstrate understanding of the material when they state which of the following as being secreted by the kidneys?
- A. Atrial natriuretic peptide
- B. Estrogen
- C. Renin
- D. Gastrin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The kidneys release renin and erythropoietin. Atrial natriuretic peptide is secreted by the atria of the heart, estrogen by the ovaries and placenta during pregnancy, and gastrin by the stomach to increase hydrochloric acid production.
An instructor has just finished teaching a class about the endocrine system. The instructor determines that the students need additional instruction when they identify which of the following as an endocrine gland?
- A. Pancreas
- B. Adrenal gland
- C. Testes
- D. Kidneys
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Although the kidneys secrete renin and erythropoietin, they are not typically considered endocrine glands. The pancreas, adrenal glands, and testes are recognized as endocrine glands due to their primary role in hormone secretion.
The nurse is evaluating a client's neck for thyroid enlargement. Which action by the nurse is appropriate during the evaluation?
- A. Inspect changes in pigmentation in the neck.
- B. Perform repeated palpation of the thyroid gland.
- C. Palpate the thyroid gland gently.
- D. Examine the skin of the neck for excessive oiliness.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should inspect the neck for thyroid enlargement and gently palpate the thyroid gland. Repeated palpation can lead to a sudden release of thyroid hormones in cases of thyroid hyperactivity, which may have serious implications. Changes in pigmentation or oiliness of the neck are not relevant to thyroid assessment.
The nurse is reviewing a client's laboratory studies and determines that the client has an elevated calcium level. What does the nurse know will occur as a result of the rise in the serum calcium level?
- A. A rise in serum calcium stimulates the release of T lymphocytes.
- B. A rise in serum calcium stimulates the release of erythropoietin.
- C. A rise in serum calcium inhibits the release of calcitonin.
- D. A rise in serum calcium stimulates the release of calcitonin from the thyroid gland.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A rise in serum calcium stimulates the thyroid gland to release calcitonin, which inhibits calcium release from bones to lower blood calcium levels and maintain homeostasis.
During physical examination of a client with a suspected endocrine disorder, the nurse assesses the body structures. The nurse gathers this data based on the understanding that it is an important aid in which process?
- A. Detecting evidence of hormone hypersecretion
- B. Detecting information about possible tumor growth
- C. Determining the presence or absence of testosterone levels
- D. Determining the size of the organs and location
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The evaluation of body structures helps detect evidence of hormone hypersecretion or hyposecretion, aiding in the assessment of specific endocrine gland dysfunctions. Radiographs are used to detect tumors or determine organ size and location, while testosterone levels are assessed through blood tests.